Description: Photograph of a crowd gathered in Cincinnati, Ohio, to show support for Alabama Governor George Wallace, who ran for U.S. President in 1968. They are holding posters with the slogan "Stand Up for America!" George Wallace was the candidate for the American Independent Party, which had a platform supporting racial segregation. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05170
Subjects: Wallace, George C. (George Corley), 1919-1998--Public appearances; Racism--United States--History--20th century; Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Political campaigns; Presidential campaigns
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph depicts two police officers arresting a black man in Cincinnati, Ohio. Rioting erupted in the Avondale section of Cincinnati, Ohio, on April 8, 1968, five days after the assassination of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The rioting was set off by an accidental shooting in which a man named James Smith, armed with a shotgun, was trying to protect his property from looters. A person approached Smith and grabbed the barrel of the shotgun, causing the gun to accidentally fire, killing Smith's wife. A rumor spread that "a white policeman had shot a colored woman," according to the Cincinnati Enquirer, April 9, 1968. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06906
Subjects: Riot control; Ohio History--State and Local Government; Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Two black men being removed from an Austin-Healey 3000 sports car by a Cincinnati, Ohio, police officer. Rioting erupted in the Avondale section of Cincinnati, Ohio, on April 8, 1968, five days after the assassination of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The rioting was touched off by an accidental shooting. A man, James Smith, armed with a shotgun, was trying to protect his property from looters. A person approached Smith, grabbed the barrel of the shotgun, causing the gun to accidentally fire, killing Smith's wife. A rumor spread that "a white policeman had killed a colored woman," according to the Cincinnati Enquirer, April 9, 1968. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV3_B16F28_01
Subjects: Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Riot control; Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights; Law enforcement; Police officers;
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of Charles Harris Wesley, a prominent African American scholar, artist, minister and civil rights figure. He received degrees from Fisk University, Yale University and Harvard University and taught at Howard University in Washington. He was a minister of the African Methodist Episcopal Church and was awarded the Doctor of Divinity degree by Wilberforce University. He served as president of Wilberforce University in the 1940s, founded of Central State College in 1948 and served as the first director of the Afro-American Historical and Cultural Museum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the 1970s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: NAM_VFM34_1
Subjects: Activists; Civil Liberties; Civil rights; Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; African American men; African American authors; Wilberforce University; Howard University; Central State College
Places: Washington (District of Columbia); Philadelphia (Pennsylvania); Wilberforce (Ohio); Greene County (Ohio)
 

Description: This political cartoon of President Lyndon B. Johnson compares the determination of Johnson to get a Civil Rights Bill passed in Congress to General Ulysses S. Grant's efforts to win the Civil War. President Johnson continued President Kennedy's work on civil rights legislation after his assassination. The 1964 Civil Rights Act made racial discrimination illegal in public places such as theaters, restaurants and hotels, and also required employers to provide equal employment opportunities. Projects involving federal funds could now be cut off if there was evidence of discrimination based on color, race or national origin. The Civil Rights Act also attempted to deal with the problem of African Americans being denied the vote in the Deep South. The legislation stated that uniform standards must prevail for establishing the right to vote. Schooling to sixth grade constituted legal proof of literacy and the attorney general was given power to initiate legal action in any area where he found a pattern of resistance to the law. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: OVS656
Subjects: Presidents--United States; Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Political cartoons; Legislation;
 

Description: Nationally-known Civil Rights spokesman, the Reverend Jesse Jackson, on the right, is seen addressing a news conference on June 12, 1974, in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1984 and again in 1988, Jackson ran for the Democrat nomination for President, but failed in both attempts. Later, as the leader of Rainbow/PUSH Coalition, Jackson assembled a movement to further the civil rights goals of militant labor unionists, feminists, gay activists, blacks and others. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV3_B04F10_01
Subjects: Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; African American men; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History; Social movements; Activists;
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Ohio National Guard troops on Wooster Avenue in Akron, Ohio, 1968. They were likely responding to a civil disturbance, due to the fact that they are wearing riot gear like gas masks and carrying rifles. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05177
Subjects: Soldiers--Ohio; Ohio History--Military Ohio; Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Riot control; Ohio National Guard
Places: Akron (Ohio); Summit County (Ohio)
 

Description: Charles Harris Wesley shaking hands with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. shortly after receiving his honorary doctorate from Central State College in 1958. Charles Harris Wesley was a prominent African American scholar, artist, minister and civil rights figure. He received degrees from Fisk University, Yale University and Harvard University and taught at Howard University in Washington. He was a minister of the African Methodist Episcopal Church and was awarded the Doctor of Divinity degree by Wilberforce University. He served as president of Wilberforce University in the 1940s, founded of Central State College in 1948 and served as the first director of the Afro-American Historical and Cultural Museum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the 1970s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: NAM_VFM34_2_20.tif
Subjects: Activists; Civil Liberties; Civil rights; Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; African American men; African American authors; Wilberforce University; Howard University; Central State College
Places: Wilberforce (Ohio); Greene County (Ohio)
 

Description: The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People set up picket lines in front of the Cincinnati, Ohio, City Hall as a way to make public their concerns about unequal civil rights, in this protest staged on August 4, 1965. Hand-painted signs can be seen reading "I am Brick-layer, color me white" and "2200 Carpenters 10 Negroes." On February 12, 1909, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded by a multiracial group of activists. The group sought to overthrow segregation and establish equal justice and educational opportunities for all Americans regardless of race. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV3_B16F25_04
Subjects: Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History; African American Ohioans; Social movements; Protests and protestors; City halls--Ohio; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People;
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People set up picket lines in front of the Cincinnati, Ohio, City Hall as a way to make public their concerns about unequal civil rights, in this protest staged on August 4, 1965. Hand-painted signs can be seen reading "I am an electrician, color me white only" and "Papa Says Jim Crow Must Go!" On February 12, 1909, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded by a multiracial group of activists. The group sought to overthrow segregation and establish equal justice and educational opportunities for all Americans regardless of race. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV3_B16F25_01
Subjects: Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History; African American Ohioans; Social movements; Protests and protestors; City halls--Ohio; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People;
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People set up picket lines in front of the Cincinnati, Ohio, City Hall as a way to make public their concerns about unequal civil rights, in this protest staged on August 4, 1965. Hand-painted signs can be seen reading "Papa Says Jim Crow Must Go!" and "Taxation Without JOB Representation." On February 12, 1909, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded by a multiracial group of activists. The group sought to overthrow segregation and establish equal justice and educational opportunities for all Americans regardless of race. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV3_B16F25_03
Subjects: Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History; African American Ohioans; Social movements; Protests and protestors; City halls--Ohio; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People;
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows marchers in Cincinnati, Ohio, commemorating the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday on January 18, 1982. Rounding the corner, several women carry a banner representing the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority. The next year, 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed a bill into law making the third Monday in January a national holiday celebrating the birth and life of Dr. King, a leader in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States who was assassinated in 1968. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV3_B17F08_02
Subjects: Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Parades--Ohio; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History; African American Ohioans
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)