Description: Midget City constructed outdoors in Milan, Ohio, was an attraction in the 1940's visited annually by thousands of people. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F01A_014_1
Subjects: Expositions and fairs; Geography and Natural Resources; Rocks; Gardens
Places: Milan (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: Built due to the River and Harbor Act of 1935, this roller dam is located 9 miles south of Gallipolis, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F06_005_1
Subjects: Geography and Natural Resources; Dams; Rivers
Places: Eureka (Ohio); Gallia County (Ohio)
 

Description: Cylindrical bannerstone has a flattened underside that is slightly concave. It is made of dark grayish brown and very dark gray banded slate. Item was found in Preble County, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07451
Subjects: Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Tools; American Indian history and society
Places: Preble County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption on reverse reads: "Rim of the world - Glouster. Athens Co." Glouster was named after Gloucester, United Kingdom, but was misspelled by a clerk when the name was telegraphed to Washington, and the misspelling stuck. The community was one of a number of area villages established to serve the coal-mining industry, and once featured several active deep mines. A wave of immigration at end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries brought men and then their families from the Mediterranean and Eastern Europe to the villages in the area. Glouster had a very active train station in the "downtown" area which was closed and now serves as a community center. Significantly, area schools were consolidated in the 1960's into the Trimble Local School district View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B10F02_004_001
Subjects: Dwellings; Housing; Geography and Natural Resources; Trees; Landscapes--Ohio--Pictorial works; Athens County (Ohio)--History; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Glouster (Ohio); Athens County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reconstruction of an original altar figurine from the Ohio Hopewell culture, 100 BC-500 AD. The original object was excavated from Altar # 1 at Turner Mound, in Hamilton County, Ohio. The reconstruction is held in the Ohio History Connection Archaeology Collection. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00271
Subjects: Hamilton County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1–400)
Places: Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: This image shows the inside of the Ohio Caverns near West Liberty, Ohio. The caverns were formed thousands of years ago when an underground river cut through ancient limestone and created rooms and passageways that later filled with a vast quantity of crystal stalactites. The most famous formation in the Ohio Caverns is the Crystal King, one of the biggest and most perfectly-formed stalactites ever known. The caverns are the largest in the state, with over two miles of surveyed passageways ranging in depth from thirty feet to the deepest point of one hundred and three feet. The exact age of the caverns is unknown. The Columbus Grey Limestone in which the caverns are carved is some 400 million years old, and the oldest crystal is estimated to be 250,000 years old. The Ohio Caverns serve as a major tourist attraction in Logan County, along with the Zane Caverns and the Lake State Park. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06497
Subjects: Caves--Ohio; Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; Crystals; Tourism; Geology--Ohio
Places: West Liberty (Ohio); Logan County (Ohio)
 

Description: Dated ca. 1935-1940, this photograph shows a waterfall and small building along the Ohio and Erie Canal near Circleville, Ohio. Today a three mile stretch of the canal remains near Circleville. Work began on the Ohio and Erie Canal on July 4, 1825, at Licking Summit, just south of Newark, Ohio, and was completed in 1833. The Ohio and Erie Canal cost approximately ten thousand dollars per mile to complete, and the Miami and Erie Canal cost roughly twelve thousand dollars per mile to finish. The canals nearly bankrupted the state government, but they allowed Ohioans to prosper beginning in the 1830s all the way to the Civil War. Many recent immigrants to the United States, especially the Irish, survived thanks to jobs on the canals. Other people, like the residents of the communal society at Zoar, also helped construct canals to assist the survival of their community. Many of Ohio’s communities today, including Akron, began as towns for the canal workers. Most canals remained in operation in Ohio until the late 1800s. There is a short stretch in the Muskingum Valley near Zanesville still in operation today. By the 1850s, however, canals were losing business to the railroads. This photograph is one of the many visual materials collected for use in the Ohio Guide. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration by executive order to create jobs for the large numbers of unemployed laborers, as well as artists, musicians, actors, and writers. The Federal Arts Program, a sector of the Works Progress Administration, included the Federal Writers’ Project, one of the primary goals of which was to complete the America Guide series, a series of guidebooks for each state which included state history, art, architecture, music, literature, and points of interest to the major cities and tours throughout the state. Work on the Ohio Guide began in 1935 with the publication of several pamphlets and brochures. The Reorganization Act of 1939 consolidated the Works Progress Administration and other agencies into the Federal Works Administration, and the Federal Writers’ Project became the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio. The final product was published in 1940 and went through several editions. The Ohio Guide Collection consists of 4,769 photographs collected for use in Ohio Guide and other publications of the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio from 1935-1939. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B10F13_001_001
Subjects: Canals--Ohio; Circleville (Ohio)--History; Miami and Erie Canal (Ohio)--History; Geography and Natural Resources; Transportation--Ohio--History.; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Circleville (Ohio); Pickaway County (Ohio)
 

Description: Bladelet core is made of Flint Ridge flint that is predominantly very dusky red in color, mottled with dark red, pale red, red, light red and reddish gray. There is also a spot of dark gray on the top. The flint has probably been heated by fire. It is cylindrical in shape, wider at the bottom than the top. There are long thin parallel scars where flakes (bladelets) of flint were removed. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07250
Subjects: American Indians; Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1–400); Archaeology
 

Description: This pipe in effigy (a likeness or representation) of a black bear was excavated from Tremper Mound, a Hopewell culture site located five miles north of Portsmouth in Scioto County. Only the front quarters of the bear are represented. Eyes are drilled and inset with copper. Ears extend from head. Some parts of the pipe have been damaged and other parts have been restored. Made of light olive gray stone, the pipe measures approximately 1.87" x 1.4" x 3.33" (4.8 x 3.6 x 8.5 cm). This pipe is part of a large collection of pipes found at Tremper Mound. The pipes were carved of Ohio pipestone, a silica-based material that can be easily carved when freshly quarried from the hills east of the Scioto River. The pipes represent a variety of animals significant to the Hopewell, including owls, wolves, deer and beaver. Skilled Hopewell craftsmen carved the pipes with flint knives and some are embellished with pearls or copper. In Ohio, the Hopewell Indians (100 B.C.-A.D. 500) built burial mounds and large earthen enclosures in geometric shapes (circles, squares, and octagons) to mark the places where the people gathered periodically to participate in many social and ceremonial events. Some of these sites were quite large--the Newark Earthworks complex extends over a 4-square-mile area. The Hopewell people also maintained a large trade network extending as far as the Rocky Mountains of Wyoming, the Florida coast and Appalachians, and northern Lake Superior. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1357_1756936_006
Subjects: American Indians in Ohio; Plants and Animals; Arts and Entertainment; Geography and Natural Resources; Hopewell culture; Mounds (Burials); Pipes (Smoking); Bears
Places: Rush Township (Ohio); Scioto County (Ohio)
 

Description: Hemispherical stone has some flattened surfaces with some irregular concentric linear patterning that is part of the internal mineral structure. It is made of very dusky red hematite. Item was excavated from the Greenbrier Mound in Truro Township, Franklin County, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07439
Subjects: Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; Adena culture; American Indian history and society; Tools
Places: Truro Township (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "Five Avenues of Transportation South of Dayton – The Steam Train, the Electric Traction Cars, Canal Boat, Macadamized Turnpike, and Miami River. October 22, 1911." At the start of the nineteenth century, Ohio was isolated geographically. The Appalachian Mountains on the east, Lake Erie to the north, and the Ohio River to the south, isolated the state from its neighbors. During the nineteenth century, new transportation systems formed, granting Ohioans easier access to all parts of the United States of America. In the first decades of the 1800s, turnpikes originated. Water travel became easier with the advent of steamboats. Beginning in the 1820s, canals provided Ohioans with a cheaper and faster form of travel. In the 1840s and 1850s, railroads emerged, allowing Ohio residents to ship their products to market much more easily and quickly. With the start of the twentieth century, several new transportation systems, including automobiles, trucks, and airplanes, emerged. From Zane's Trace, to the Ohio and Erie Canal, to the Wright brothers, Ohioans were at the forefront of all of these transportation innovations. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B02F07_018_1
Subjects: Canals--Ohio; Miami and Erie Canal (Ohio)--History; Dayton (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.--Pictorial works; Railroads; Roads; Geography and Natural Resources; Transportation--Ohio--History.; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Dayton (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the Greyhound Bus Depot and a lunch counter in Ironton, Ohio, probably on 3rd Street, during the 1937 Ohio River flood, also referred to as the Great Flood. A sign is visible for the lunch counter advertising five cent hamburgers, lunch, and beer. In January and February of 1937, weeks of heavy rainfall caused the Ohio River to flood parts of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Kentucky, causing $500 million in property damages, and displacing and killing hundreds. By the end of January, the Ohio River measured 80 feet deep in Cincinnati, one of the areas most affected. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dispatched thousands of relief workers from the Works Progress Administration to rescue flood victims and restore affected cities. This photograph is one of the many visual materials collected for use in the Ohio Guide. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration by executive order to create jobs for the large numbers of unemploye View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F04_003_012_013
Subjects: Floods; Natural disasters; Ohio River; Transportation--Ohio; Works Progress Administration
Places: Ironton (Ohio); Lawrence County (Ohio); Ohio River