Description: Caption reads: "Five Avenues of Transportation South of Dayton – The Steam Train, the Electric Traction Cars, Canal Boat, Macadamized Turnpike, and Miami River. October 22, 1911." At the start of the nineteenth century, Ohio was isolated geographically. The Appalachian Mountains on the east, Lake Erie to the north, and the Ohio River to the south, isolated the state from its neighbors. During the nineteenth century, new transportation systems formed, granting Ohioans easier access to all parts of the United States of America. In the first decades of the 1800s, turnpikes originated. Water travel became easier with the advent of steamboats. Beginning in the 1820s, canals provided Ohioans with a cheaper and faster form of travel. In the 1840s and 1850s, railroads emerged, allowing Ohio residents to ship their products to market much more easily and quickly. With the start of the twentieth century, several new transportation systems, including automobiles, trucks, and airplanes, emerged. From Zane's Trace, to the Ohio and Erie Canal, to the Wright brothers, Ohioans were at the forefront of all of these transportation innovations. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B02F07_018_1
Subjects: Canals--Ohio; Miami and Erie Canal (Ohio)--History; Dayton (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.--Pictorial works; Railroads; Roads; Geography and Natural Resources; Transportation--Ohio--History.; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Dayton (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the Greyhound Bus Depot and a lunch counter in Ironton, Ohio, probably on 3rd Street, during the 1937 Ohio River flood, also referred to as the Great Flood. A sign is visible for the lunch counter advertising five cent hamburgers, lunch, and beer. In January and February of 1937, weeks of heavy rainfall caused the Ohio River to flood parts of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Kentucky, causing $500 million in property damages, and displacing and killing hundreds. By the end of January, the Ohio River measured 80 feet deep in Cincinnati, one of the areas most affected. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dispatched thousands of relief workers from the Works Progress Administration to rescue flood victims and restore affected cities. This photograph is one of the many visual materials collected for use in the Ohio Guide. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration by executive order to create jobs for the large numbers of unemploye View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F04_003_012_013
Subjects: Floods; Natural disasters; Ohio River; Transportation--Ohio; Works Progress Administration
Places: Ironton (Ohio); Lawrence County (Ohio); Ohio River
 

Description: Caption reads: "Miamisburg Mound, Ohio, Montgomery County." The Miamisburg Mound is the largest conical burial mound in Ohio and possibly in the eastern United States. Archaeological investigations of the surrounding area suggest that it was constructed by the prehistoric Adena Culture (800 B.C.-A.D. 100). Built on a 100-foot-high bluff, the mound measures 877 feet (267.3 m) in circumference. It was originally more than 70 feet (21.33 m) high. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F08_004_1
Subjects: American Indians in Ohio; Geography and Natural Resources; Mounds (Burials); Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Miamisburg (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads; "Dam at Baerd's Mill on Greenville Creek (on site of Major Adam's Mill)." Major George Adams erected a mill five miles below Greenville. It became a township in 1819, and was named in Major Adams honor. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F07_024_1
Subjects: Geology and Natural Resources; Rivers; Business and Labor; Mills
Places: Greenville (Ohio); Darke County (Ohio)
 

Description: Nelson Ledges State Park, Portage County, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00303
Subjects: Portage County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio
Places: Portage County (Ohio)
 

Description: Picture of firemen putting out flames after the 1974 Xenia tornado in the area just west of the Greene County Courthouse. Adair’s furniture store opened up onto S. Detroit Street on Route 68. As of 2014, the building was occupied by several stores, including the Hospice of the Miami Valley and Coldwell Banker Heritage Realtors. On April 3, 1974, an F5 category tornado struck Xenia, Ohio. The tornado that struck Xenia was just one of at least 148 tornadoes that occurred in the South and Midwest in a twenty-four period. This was the worst outbreak of tornadoes recorded in the twentieth century. The tornado that struck Xenia had maximum winds of three hundred miles per hour. It destroyed more than one thousand homes and businesses. Hardly any buildings remained standing in Xenia's downtown. Thirty-three people died in the storm, with approximately another 1,150 people injured. President Richard Nixon visited Xenia a week following the tornado. He stated, "It's the worst disaster I've ever seen." Xenia rebuilt quickly. By April 3, 1975, eighty percent of the destroyed homes and forty percent of the businesses had been rebuilt. It would take until 1984 for all structures to be repaired or rebuilt, but as bumper stickers that appeared within days of the tornado stated, "Xenia Lives!" View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07694
Subjects: Tornadoes--Ohio--Xenia; Tornado damage; Natural disasters; Xenia (Ohio)--History
Places: Xenia (Ohio); Greene County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photographic postcard depicting power line damage with men shoveling snow after a storm that struck Cleveland and northeastern Ohio in November 1913. The heavy snowfall was part of an early winter storm that was called "the Great Lakes Hurricane," "the Ultimate Storm" and "the Big Blow." 18 to 25 inches of snow fell in two days across northeastern Ohio, covering telephone, telegraph and electrical wires. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03882
Subjects: Natural disasters--United States; Blizzards; Winter; Snow
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio); Northeastern Ohio
 

Description: This photograph shows homes destroyed by the 1937 Ohio River flood, also referred to as the Great Flood. In January and February of 1937, weeks of heavy rainfall caused the Ohio River to flood parts of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Kentucky, causing $500 million in property damages, and displacing and killing hundreds. By the end of January, the Ohio River measured 80 feet deep in Cincinnati, one of the areas most affected. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dispatched thousands of relief workers from the Works Progress Administration to rescue flood victims and restore affected cities. This photograph is one of the many visual materials collected for use in the Ohio Guide. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration by executive order to create jobs for the large numbers of unemployed laborers, as well as artists, musicians, actors, and writers. The Federal Arts Program, a sector of the Works Progress Administration, included the Federal Writers’ Project, one of the primary goals of which was to complete the America Guide series, a series of guidebooks for each state which included state history, art, architecture, music, literature, and points of interest to the major cities and tours throughout the state. Work on the Ohio Guide began in 1935 with the publication of several pamphlets and brochures. The Reorganization Act of 1939 consolidated the Works Progress Administration and other agencies into the Federal Works Administration, and the Federal Writers’ Project became the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio. The final product was published in 1940 and went through several editions. The Ohio Guide Collection consists of 4,769 photographs collected for use in Ohio Guide and other publications of the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio from 1935-1939. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F05_038_001
Subjects: Floods; Natural disasters; Ohio River; Houses; Works Progress Administration
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Built in 1923, the Northwood Lighthouse, also called Eddystone, is located on the north side of Grand Lake St. Marys, between the towns of Celina and St. Marys, Ohio. No longer active, the fifty-foot conical tower originally served as a seasonal navigational aid from April through November, and was a monument to the Eddystone Lighthouse in the English Channel, near Rame Head, Cornwall. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B01F06_024_001
Subjects: Geography and Natural Resources; Lighthouses; Harbors
Places: St. Marys (Ohio); Auglaize County (Ohio)
 

Description: A young man and woman at Niagra Falls. Glass plate negatives of various Trumbull County and northeastern Ohio scenes, places, people and events taken by John E. Pickering and Edward D. Pickering from the 1880s to the 1910s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL08477
Subjects: Geography and Natural Resources; Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; waterfalls
Places: Niagra Falls (New York)
 

Description: This 'Central Ohio Tours' map was produced for the Ohio Guide in 1936. The map highlights towns, parks, and natural features along six prominent routes starting in Columbus and traversing every part of central Ohio. It was used in the 1940 edition of the Ohio Guide book. This photograph is one of the many visual materials collected for use in the Ohio Guide. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration by executive order to create jobs for the large numbers of unemployed laborers, as well as artists, musicians, actors, and writers. The Federal Arts Program, a sector of the Works Progress Administration, included the Federal Writers’ Project, one of the primary goals of which was to complete the America Guide series, a series of guidebooks for each state which included state history, art, architecture, music, literature, and points of interest to the major cities and tours throughout the state. Work on the Ohio Guide began in 1935 with the publication of several pamphlets and brochures. The Reorganization Act of 1939 consolidated the Works Progress Administration and other agencies into the Federal Works Administration, and the Federal Writers’ Project became the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio. The final product was published in 1940 and went through several editions. The Ohio Guide Collection consists of 4,769 photographs collected for use in Ohio Guide and other publications of the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio from 1935-1939. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F02_062
Subjects: Maps; Tourism--Ohio; Highways; Geography and Natural Resources
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Photograph showing Floyd B. Chapman of Columbus, Ohio, at right, with a fellow serviceman identified as "PFC Gilkyson." Both are seen in military uniform, and handwriting on the back indicates that the photograph was taken in San Bernardino, California, on November 15, 1943. After receiving a Ph. D. at the Ohio State University and working for the Fish and Wildlife Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior, Chapman (1911-1984) was inducted into the Army Air Corps in November of 1942. He was stationed at various posts around the United States during World War II, as well as overseas in India and China. Following his military service, Chapman continued his career as a naturalist and field ecologist for the Ohio State Division of Conservation and Natural Resources and the Ohio Division of Wildlife. He also worked as resident ecologist at Malabar Farm and as horticulturist for Inniswood Garden Metro Park until his death in 1984. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS1017AV_01_01
Subjects: World War II; Ohio History--Military Ohio; Natural resources--Ohio; Malabar Farm; Horticulture
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio); San Bernardino (California)