Description: Beaded necklace made of bone from the Fort Ancient culture, 900 AD-1500 AD. Excavated from the Feurt Village Site in Scioto County, Ohio, 1916. The object is held in the Ohio History Connection Archaeology Collection. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00267
Subjects: American Indians--Archaeology; Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; Archaeology--United States--History; Fort Ancient Culture (A.D. 1000–1650);
Places: Scioto County (Ohio)
 

Description: Human head-shaped effigy pipe from the Mississippian period, 900 AD-1600 AD. This large pipe (95.5 mm high, 126 mm long, 94.6 mm wide) has a human head effigy resting on an oval platform. The pipe bowl is in the top of the head, while the stem would have been inserted into the open mouth of the effigy. Eyes are surrounded by a distinctive weeping eye motif. The nose projects from the face, but the ears are close to the head. Made of sandstone, the pipe is a very dark gray. The object is held in the Ohio History Connection Archaeology Collection. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00274
Subjects: American Indians--Archaeology; Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; Archaeology--United States--History; Effigy pipes; Mississippian Culture (A.D. 900–1500)
 

Description: Cranial ornament from infant burial of the Adena culture, 800 BC-100 AD. Excavated from Florence Mound in Pickaway County, Ohio, 1938. The object is held in the Ohio History Connection Archaeology Collection. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00275
Subjects: American Indians--Archaeology; Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; Archaeology--United States--History; Funeral rites and ceremonies; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100); Artifacts
Places: Pickaway County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads, "Clarence Loveberry and workers, Carriage-Factory Mound near Chillicothe, Ross Co., O. 1897." Located within the city limits of Chillicothe, the Carriage Factory Mound is one of a number of earthworks in Ross County that were excavated by Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society (now Ohio History Connection) archaeologists in 1897. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B01F04e08_2058_1
Subjects: Ross County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1-400);
Places: Chillicothe (Ohio); Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: View of the Adena Mound in Chillicothe, Ohio, before its excavation. In 1901, while Curator of Archaeology of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection), William C. Mills excavated the Adena Mound. He and his team of workers discovered a number of artifacts in the mound, including copper bracelets and rings, slate gorgets, spear points made from Flint Ridge flint, and many bone and shell beads. The most remarkable artifact found in the Adena Mound was the Adena effigy pipe, also known as the Adena Man, which is now recognized as the state artifact of Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL08436
Subjects: Ross County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Chillicothe (Ohio); Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: View of the top of the Adena Mound in Chillicothe, Ohio, before its excavation. In 1901, while Curator of Archaeology of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection), William C. Mills excavated the Adena Mound. He and his team of workers discovered a number of artifacts in the mound, including copper bracelets and rings, slate gorgets, spear points made from Flint Ridge flint, and many bone and shell beads. The most remarkable artifact found in the Adena Mound was the Adena effigy pipe, also known as the Adena Man, which is now recognized as the state artifact of Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL08438
Subjects: Ross County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: View of the Adena Mound during excavation in Ross County, Ohio, 1901. In 1901, William C. Mills excavated the Adena Mound. At the time, Mills was the Curator of Archaeology of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection). He and his team of workers discovered a number of artifacts in the mound, including copper bracelets and rings, slate gorgets, spear points made from Flint Ridge flint, and many bone and shell beads. The most remarkable artifact found in the Adena Mound was the Adena effigy pipe, also known as the Adena Man, which is now recognized as the state artifact of Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL08439
Subjects: Ross County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Falcon-shaped cut-out made of copper by the Ohio Hopewell culture, Middle Woodland period, 200 BC-1 AD. Excavated from the Central Grave site at Mound City, Mound # 7, in Ross County, Ohio. The object is held by the National Park Service. Mound City is a burial mound and earthwork complex located in Union Township, Ross County, Ohio. It is situated on the west bank of the Scioto River opposite the Hopeton Earthworks, a few miles north of Chillicothe. The site was constructed between approximately 100 BC and AD 400 by people of the Hopewell Culture and consists of 22 variously sized mounds surrounded a low, four-sided, earthen embankment that encloses about 13 acres. During World War I Mound City became part of an expansive army training facility called Camp Sherman. In an attempt to preserve as much of the site’s integrity as the army would allow, the mounds were flattened or truncated and camp buildings built over them and not intruded into them. Beginning in the 1920s, the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection) funded restoration of the site and in 1923 the Mound City Group was elevated to the status of National Monument. Since 1992 Mound City has served as the focal point of the Hopewell Culture National Historic Park. Restoration lasted several years and was the beginning of the movement toward archaeology as a disciplined profession. One interesting aspect learned during the restoration process was that, for whatever reason, burials at Mound City were of a more egalitarian nature and not just of apparent high status as seen at other locations. The Mound City Group is one of seven Ohio Hopewell Ceremonial Earthwork sites presently under consideration by the United States Department of the Interior for nomination as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00268
Subjects: Ross County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1-400);
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Stars made of copper attributed to the Ohio Hopewell culture, 100 BC-500 AD. Excavated from Burial 12 at Mound City, Mound # 7, in Ross County, Ohio. These objects are held by the National Park Service. Mound City is a burial mound and earthwork complex located in Union Township, Ross County, Ohio. It is situated on the west bank of the Scioto River opposite the Hopeton Earthworks, a few miles north of Chillicothe. The site was constructed between approximately 100 BC and AD 400 by people of the Hopewell Culture and consists of 22 variously sized mounds surrounded a low, four-sided, earthen embankment that encloses about 13 acres. During World War I Mound City became part of an expansive army training facility called Camp Sherman. In an attempt to preserve as much of the site’s integrity as the army would allow, the mounds were flattened or truncated and camp buildings built over them and not intruded into them. Beginning in the 1920s, the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection) funded restoration of the site and in 1923 the Mound City Group was elevated to the status of National Monument. Since 1992 Mound City has served as the focal point of the Hopewell Culture National Historic Park. Restoration lasted several years and was the beginning of the movement toward archaeology as a disciplined profession. One interesting aspect learned during the restoration process was that, for whatever reason, burials at Mound City were of a more egalitarian nature and not just of apparent high status as seen at other locations. The Mound City Group is one of seven Ohio Hopewell Ceremonial Earthwork sites presently under consideration by the United States Department of the Interior for nomination as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00269
Subjects: Ross County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1–400); Artifacts
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reconstruction of an original altar figurine from the Ohio Hopewell culture, 100 BC-500 AD. The original object was excavated from Altar # 1 at Turner Mound, in Hamilton County, Ohio. The reconstruction is held in the Ohio History Connection Archaeology Collection. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00271
Subjects: Hamilton County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1–400)
Places: Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Human effigy pipe from the Ohio Hopewell culture, 100 BC-500 AD. Excavated from Mound #8 in Mound City, Ross County, Ohio. Mound City is a burial mound and earthwork complex located in Union Township, Ross County, Ohio. It is situated on the west bank of the Scioto River opposite the Hopeton Earthworks, a few miles north of Chillicothe. The site was constructed between approximately 100 BC and AD 400 by people of the Hopewell Culture and consists of 22 variously sized mounds surrounded a low, four-sided, earthen embankment that encloses about 13 acres. During World War I Mound City became part of an expansive army training facility called Camp Sherman. In an attempt to preserve as much of the site’s integrity as the army would allow, the mounds were flattened or truncated and camp buildings built over them and not intruded into them. Beginning in the 1920s, the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection) funded restoration of the site and in 1923 the Mound City Group was elevated to the status of National Monument. Since 1992 Mound City has served as the focal point of the Hopewell Culture National Historic Park. Restoration lasted several years and was the beginning of the movement toward archaeology as a disciplined profession. One interesting aspect learned during the restoration process was that, for whatever reason, burials at Mound City were of a more egalitarian nature and not just of apparent high status as seen at other locations. The Mound City Group is one of seven Ohio Hopewell Ceremonial Earthwork sites presently under consideration by the United States Department of the Interior for nomination as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00270
Subjects: Ross County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1–400); Effigy pipes;
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Headless human figures made of mica by the Ohio Hopewell culture, 100 BC-500 AD. Excavated from Burial # 34 at Hopewell Mound # 25 in Ross County, Ohio, ca. 1922-1925. It is known that the Hopewell obtained mica from western North Carolina, but archeologists are not certain how they used mica cut outs. These objects are held in the Ohio History Connection Archaeology Collection. The Hopewell Mound Group, the type site for the Hopewell Culture, is located along the North Fork of Paint Creek in Union Township, Ross County, Ohio. When first surveyed in the mid-1800s the mound and earthwork complex, once referred to as the Clark Works, contained at least 38 mounds of various sizes within a 111-acre, somewhat “D”-shaped walled enclosure. An attached segmented square enclosed an additional 18 acres. The most notable mound in the group is referred to as Mound 25, a three-part conjoined mound that once measured 35 feet high by 500 feet long and 180 feet wide at the base. It was this mound more than any other that was the source of many of the iconic artifacts that defined the Hopewell Culture (100 BC-AD 400). The Hopewell Mound Group was extensively investigated in the early 1890s by Warren Moorehead to collect material for the 1892 World’s Columbian Exposition. This material is now housed in the Chicago Field Museum. In the 1920s Henry Shetrone of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection) also did extensive field work there, assembling an impressive collection of materials for the museum. Today the Hopewell Mound Group and several other related Ross County earthwork complexes are overseen by the National Park Service as the Hopewell Culture National Historic Park. The Hopewell Mound Group is one of seven Ohio Hopewell Ceremonial Earthwork sites presently under consideration by the United States Department of the Interior for nomination as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00278
Subjects: Ross County (Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; Archaeology--United States--History; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1–400)
Places: Ross County (Ohio)