Description: Elevated view of the campus of Denison University in Granville, Ohio. Denison is a liberal arts college that was founded in 1831 by the Ohio Baptist Education Society. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03460
Subjects: Schools--Ohio; Cultural Ohio--Education; Education--Ohio; Universities and Colleges
Places: Granville (Ohio); Licking County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of Lucy Gillmore Cowles (1833-1914), whose father was a station-keeper on the Underground Railroad at their home located between Granville and Zanesville, Ohio. This photograph, along with the transcript of a pamphlet written by Cowles entitled "Memories," was collected by Wilbur H. Siebert as part of his Underground Railroad research. In the pamphlet, she recounts her childhood memories of her family's abolitionist work. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: P116_B57_Vol08_Cowles04
Subjects: Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights; Underground Railroad--Ohio; Antislavery movements--Ohio--History--19th century; Abolitionists;
Places: Granville (Ohio); Zanesville (Ohio); Licking County (Ohio)
 

Description: Four small maps showing American Indian earthworks and ancient monuments in Pickaway, Fairfield and Licking Counties. Pictured are "the Alligater," "the Cross," the Rock Mill Work and the Newark Valley earthworks. Archaeologists E.G. Squier and E.H. Davis, with the help of surveyor and geologist Charles Whittlesey, systematically documented the Indian works and compiled them into an 1847 book called "Ancient monuments of the Mississippi Valley: Comprising the results of extensive original surveys and explorations." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SquierDavisPlateXXXVI
Subjects: Mounds--Ohio River Valley; American Indians--Archaeology; Ohio River Valley--Antiquities; Earthworks (Archaeology); Fort Ancient Culture (A.D. 1000–1650); Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400)
Places: Pickaway County (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio); Granville (Ohio); Licking County (Ohio); Newark (Ohio)
 

Description: This carte de visite photograph shows General Charles Griffin, from the William T. Sherman Photograph Album, ca. 1865-1880. Griffin is pictured standing next to a chair, wearing a dress frock coat with buttons and shoulder boards indicating his military rank. He is holding an officer's hat in his right hand. The chair features intricate carving in an abstract floral design along its side rail. Charles Griffin was born on December 18, 1825, in Granville, Ohio. He graduated 23rd out of 38 in his class at the United States Military Academy, and went on to serve in both the Mexican-American War and the American Civil War. During the Civil War, he was promoted to the rank of Major General, and commanded troops at numerous engagements including the Battle of Antietam, the Battle of Fredericksburg, the Battle of Chancellorsville and the Battle of Gettysburg. He died on September 15, 1867 in Galveston, Texas. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04331
Subjects: Generals--United States; Ohio History--Military Ohio; Ohio--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Soldiers; Military officers; Civil War 1861-1865; Soldiers--Ohio--Photographs. United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Photographs
Places: Granville (Ohio); Licking County (Ohio)
 

Description: The Swasey Chapel and Observatory are located on the campus of Denison University. They were named after Cleveland trustee and amateur astronomer Ambrose Swasey, the founder of the Warner and Swasey Company which built the observatory. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F04_014_1
Subjects: Education; Universities and colleges; Buildings; Chapels; Science and technology; Astronomical observatories; Telescopes; Denison University
Places: Granville (Ohio); Licking County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Lillie Wilborn, niece of Granville T. Woods and mother of John W. Currie, photographed by M.C. Stanton of Springfield, Ohio. Ohio inventor Granville Woods was born in Columbus, Ohio, in 1856. He and his brother formed the Woods Railway Telegraph Company in Cincinnati in 1884. Largely self-taught, Woods worked his way up through the railroad industry, and eventually received 35 patents for electrical and mechanical devices between 1884 and 1907. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: VFM2716AV_01
Subjects: Women -- Ohio; African American Ohioans; Woods, Granville, 1856-1910; African American inventors--History;
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Henrietta Woods Wilborn, sister of Granville T. Woods, photographed by Baker's Art Gallery in Columbus, Ohio. Ohio inventor Granville Woods was born in Columbus, Ohio, in 1856. He and his brother formed the Woods Railway Telegraph Company in Cincinnati in 1884. Largely self-taught, Woods worked his way up through the railroad industry, and eventually received 35 patents for electrical and mechanical devices between 1884 and 1907. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: VFM2716AV_02
Subjects: Women -- Ohio; African American Ohioans; Woods, Granville, 1856-1910; African American inventors--History;
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Rachel Woods Madison (1867-1912), sister of Granville T. Woods, photographed by Montrose Studio in Columbus, Ohio. Ohio inventor Granville Woods was born in Columbus, Ohio, in 1856. He and his brother formed the Woods Railway Telegraph Company in Cincinnati in 1884. Largely self-taught, Woods worked his way up through the railroad industry, and eventually received 35 patents for electrical and mechanical devices between 1884 and 1907. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: VFM2716AV_03
Subjects: Women -- Ohio; African American Ohioans; Woods, Granville, 1856-1910; African American inventors--History;
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: The Newark Earthworks were built by the Hopewell people between 100 B.C.E. and A.D. 400. The Newark Earthworks are the largest set of geometric earthen enclosures in the world. In The Seventy Wonders of the Ancient World (1999), Cambridge University archeologist, Chris Scarre named the Newark Earthworks as one of only three North American sites that qualified as an ancient wonder. (The others are Chaco Canyon in New Mexico and Cahokia in Illinois.) Compared with other ancient wonders, the Newark earthworks are colossal. The Newark Earthworks were the largest set of geometric earthworks ever built in Ohio. They were constructed by the Hopewell culture (100 B.C. to 500 A.D.) of prehistoric Native American people. Originally it included a great circular enclosure (the Great Circle Earthworks), another slightly smaller circle that was linked to an octagon (Octagon Earthworks), and a large, nearly perfect square enclosure (Wright Earthworks). In addition an oval earthwork surrounded a dozen conical and loaf-shaped mounds. All of these structures were connected by a series of parallel walls. There were many smaller circular enclosures and a scattering of other mounds and pits. On the opposite bank of the Licking River's South Fork, another square enclosure and an oval earthwork encircled the top of a hill that overlooked the vast maze of geometric enclosures. In 2006, Governor Bob Taft formally declared the Newark Earthworks to be Ohio's state prehistoric monument, honoring the early American Indian builders of this site. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06600
Subjects: Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1–400); Mound-builders--Ohio; Archaeology--United States--History; Ohio state symbols
Places: Granville (Ohio); Licking County (Ohio)
 

Description: The Newark Earthworks were built by the Hopewell people between 100 B.C.E. and A.D. 400. The Newark Earthworks were the largest set of geometric earthworks ever built in Ohio. They were constructed by the Hopewell culture (100 B.C. to 500 A.D.) of prehistoric Native American people. Originally it included a great circular enclosure (the Great Circle Earthworks), another slightly smaller circle that was linked to an octagon (Octagon Earthworks), and a large, nearly perfect square enclosure (Wright Earthworks). In addition an oval earthwork surrounded a dozen conical and loaf-shaped mounds. All of these structures were connected by a series of parallel walls. There were many smaller circular enclosures and a scattering of other mounds and pits. On the opposite bank of the Licking River's South Fork, another square enclosure and an oval earthwork encircled the top of a hill that overlooked the vast maze of geometric enclosures. In 2006, Governor Bob Taft formally declared the Newark Earthworks to be Ohio's state prehistoric monument, honoring the early American Indian builders of this site. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06601
Subjects: Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1–400); Mound-builders--Ohio; Archaeology--United States--History; Ohio state symbols
Places: Granville (Ohio); Licking County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of a conductor and employee posed with interurban railroad car #500. Interurban railroads were electrically-powered trains that connected communities together across Ohio, providing a quick and cheap alternative to regular railroads, canals, or horses in the late 19th and early 20th century. The first interurban line in the United States connected Newark and Granville, Ohio, while the most profitable and heavily-utilized line in Ohio was the ABC (Akron, Bedford, and Cleveland) Line. By World War I, 2,798 miles of interurban track existed within Ohio, which exceeded the next closest state by approximately 1,000 miles. The advent of the automobile quickly led to a decrease in interurban popularity among travelers, and by the early 1930s, most interurban lines in Ohio had ceased operation. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: OVS2610
Subjects: Railroads--Ohio; Transportation--Ohio--History; Travel; Cities and towns--Ohio;
 

Description: Drawing of an ancient mound near Cedarville, Ohio. The drawing is on the inside front cover of "Handy Book for Collectors: A Short Description of Most of the Varieties of Indian and Mound Builder Implements, Arranged and Classified According to Size and Use" by W. K. Moorehead, a well-known American archeologist. The image is a drawing of an tall mound that situation in a field near a stream. Three tiny human figures stand between the stream and the mound. The caption reads: "Ancient Mound near Cedarville, Ohio. Relics from this Mound for sale, as follows: Fragment of pottery, Indian bones, and Arrow Head, by Mail 25 cents. W.K. Moorehead, Xenia, Ohio." Fascinated by Indians and their culture since his boyhood in Xenia, Moorehead enrolled in Denison University (Granville, Ohio) in 1884 and began collecting hundreds of specimens from Indian sites near Granville. He later worked at the Smithsonian Institution and then conducted his own exploration of Fort Ancient in Ohio. He also conducted explorations of the Hopewell site near Chillicothe, Ohio, and at pueblos in the Southwest U.S. In 1894 Moorehead became curator of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, a post he held for three years. In 1908 President Theodore Roosevelt appointed Moorehead to the Board of the U.S. Board of Indian Commissioners. He served on the board until 1934, when it was abolished by executive order. In the earlier part of his career, Moorehead built a personal collection of artifacts found at his excavation sites, he later became a strong advocate for just treatment of American Indians. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05900
Subjects: Moorehead, Warren King, 1866-1939; Mound-builders--Ohio; American Indians--Archaeology; American Indians; Archaeology; Catalogs