Description: A photograph of the Guernsey County Courthouse in Cambridge, Ohio. The courthouse was designed in Second Empire style, and the cornerstone was laid in 1881. Surrounding the building is an assortment of memorials dedicated to soldiers from the Civil War, World War I, World War II, Korean War, Vietnam War, and Operation Desert Storm. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F03_049_001
Subjects: Guernsey County (Ohio); Cambridge (Ohio); Court-houses
Places: Cambridge (Ohio); Guernsey County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph of Ohio National Guardsmen marching in Athens, Ohio was taken in May 1970. Ohio University closed on May 15, 1970. Anti-Vietnam War protests increased in Ohio after President Richard Nixon announced that United States troops had entered Cambodia on April 30, 1970. Riots erupted at many college campuses, including Kent State University, where four students were killed on May 4, 1970. By the end of May, all of Ohio's public universities except Bowling Green State University were closed. The photograph measures 4" x 6" (10.16 x 15.24 cm). View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3106_3675644_001
Subjects: Presidents and Politics; Military Ohio; Civil Liberties; Education; Vietnam War; Students; Universities and colleges; Kent State University Riot, 1970 (May 4); Ohio National Guard
Places: Athens (Ohio); Athens County (Ohio)
 

Description: Students protesting the Vietnam War on the Oval at Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Franklin County, April, 1970. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00601
Subjects: Revolution, Reaction, and Reform; Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Ohio National Guardsmen in defensive positions with weapons during student protests of the Vietnam War on campus of Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, Franklin County, April, 1970. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00602
Subjects: Ohio National Guard; Revolution, Reaction, and Reform; Ohio History--Military Ohio
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "U.S. Playing Card Co. Building. Cincinnati, Ohio." The United States Playing Card Company, located on Beech Avenue at the end of Park Avenue, is a buff brick building with a Neo-Romanesque square clock tower. Russell, Morgan & Co. was started in 1867 in Cincinnati, Ohio, as a printing company making mostly posters, placards and labels. The company began printing playing cards in 1881, with 20 employees making about 1600 packs a day. In 1891, Russell, Morgan and Company renamed themselves The United States Printing Company. In 1894, due to growing sucess, the playing card business was separated from the main company and became The United States Playing Card Company. By 1900, The United States Playing Company moved from downtown, to a newly built factory in Norwood, a suburb in north-east Cincinnati. The four story bell tower was added at the main building entrance in 1926, and housed 12 carillon bells, which ranged from 1 1/2 feet to 5 1/2 feet. The chimes were connected electronically local radio station WSAI, and were the first set built for the purpose of radio broadcasting. WSAI was not only owned and operated by USPC from 1922 to 1930, but was located on their main campus, and used to broadcast bridge lessons, which could be heard as far away as New Zealand. WSAI was sold to Crosley Radio Station during the 1930s. Along with playing card accessories such as poker chips, it distributes cards, such as Kem, Bee, Bicycle, Arcane, Aviator, Alladin, Maverick, Tuxedo, Hoyle and tally Ho. The cards are also used by famous magicians and companies like Bicycle make cheats decks only for illusionists. Bee is a high quality brand used in casinos, while Bicycle is an inexpensive brand that has been the top selling brand in the world. During World War II, the company made cards that could be pulled apart when submerged in water. The inside was a map and wen all the cards were put together, it was a large map. These were supplied to POW's who could use the map to reach safety, if they were able to escape. During the Vietnam Was, the company provided U. S. Soldiers with cards. It was commonly believed that the Viet Cong thought the cards would a symbol of death and would flee if they say the ace of spades. This was not true, but the cards served to boast the morale of the soldiers. The company is now located in at 300 Gap Way in Erlanger, KY. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F10_012_1
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Manufacturing industries--Ohio; United States Playing Card Company
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Ohio National Guard Soldiers who were members of 2nd A.W. Battalion, 174th Artillery practicing a riot control formation while on standby riot control duty in Athens, Ohio, 1968. Ohio National Guard troops were in Athens in response to student protests against the military conflict in Vietnam. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05180
Subjects: Ohio National Guard; Soldiers--Ohio; Ohio History--Military Ohio; Riot control; Protests and protestors
Places: Athens (Ohio); Athens County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of Ohio National Guardsmen in gas masks clearing protestors from The Ohio State University Oval, April 30, 1970. The protest was due to the announcement by President Richard Nixon of the American invasion of Cambodia on April 30, 1970 View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03739
Subjects: Ohio. National Guard; Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights; Activists; Protests and protestors; Vietnam War
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This 2" x 2" (5.08 x 5.08 cm) photograph shows Ohio Governor James Rhodes speaking at a homecoming parade held for astronaut Neil Armstrong in 1969. More than 80,000 supporters greeted Armstrong upon his return to Wapakoneta, Ohio on September 6, 1969. Bob Hope served as marshal for the event, and guests included "Tonight Show" sidekick Ed McMahon, and Dr. Albert Sabin, who invented the polio vaccine. Hope joked with the crowd that Armstrong was adjusting well to life on Earth after his space visit, "but he keeps throwing his shoes out the window and eating toothpaste," referring to the system of trash disposal on early flights and the practice of packaging astronauts' food in tubes. Neil A. Armstrong (b. 1930), the first man to walk on the moon, was born in Wapakoneta. He received Bachelor and Master of Science degrees in aeronautical engineering from Purdue University. After serving as a naval aviator from 1949 to 1952, Armstrong joined the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) in 1955. For the next 17 years he worked for NACA and its successor agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). As a research pilot at NASA's Flight Research Center in Edwards, California, he was a project pilot on many pioneering high-speed aircraft. Armstrong transferred to astronaut status in 1962 and was assigned as command pilot for the Gemini 8 mission, which was launched on March 16, 1966. As spacecraft commander for Apollo 11, the first manned lunar landing mission, Armstrong gained the distinction of being the first man to land a craft on the moon and first to step on its surface. James Rhodes (1909-2001) served four terms as governor of Ohio, more than any other Ohio governor. Rhodes was born in Coalton, Ohio, and his father, a Welsh coal miner, died when he was eight years old. Rhodes attended Ohio State University, but had to drop out to support his mother and sisters. In 1937, Rhodes was elected to the Columbus board of education. He served two terms as auditor before being elected mayor of Columbus in 1943. He was auditor of state from 1952 to 1962 and ran for governor twice before being elected in 1962. In May 1970, Rhodes ordered National Guard troops to the Kent State University campus, resulting in the tragic shootings of four students after days of Vietnam War protests. During his four terms as governor Rhodes advocated for more funding for universities and was responsible for the development of dozens of new parks, highways and airports. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3101_3737102_001
Subjects: Ohio Government; Science and Technology; Arts and Entertainment; Celebrations; Parades & processions; Hope, Bob, 1903-2003; Armstrong, Neil, 1930-2012; Flight; Aeronautics; Astronauts; Governors; Rhodes, James A. (James Allen), 1909-2001
Places: Wapakoneta (Ohio); Auglaize County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing Vietnamese and Laotian immigrants practicing conversation with their teacher. The image was submitted by photographer Jean Orr of Columbus, Ohio, in the Amateur category of the Spirit of Ohio Bicentennial Photo Contest. A caption provided by the photographer reads, "Central Ohio welcomed families from Laos and Vietnam during the Bicentennial Year, and Westerville City Schools initiated one of the first programs to help them gain enough English to apply for jobs and shop for household needs. Here, young adults practice conversation with their American teacher during a break in the twice-weekly evening class. The Ohio Department of Education approved the use of Federal funds for the Westerville program." In August 1976, the Ohio American Revolution Bicentennial Advisory Committee (OARBAC) began the Spirit of Ohio Bicentennial Photo Contest as part of a larger effort in Ohio to celebrate the 1976 American Bicentennial. The contest was meant to document "the spirit and character of the people and places which represent Ohio during [the] bicentennial year," and to create a permanent photographic archive of the year's festivity for use by future researchers. Both professional and amateur photographers submitted over 500 photographs for consideration, all taken within the state between January 1 and December 31, 1976. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA2734AV_B02F115_01_01
Subjects: American Revolution Bicentennial (1976); Immigrants--Ohio; Immigration and Ethnic Heritage; Conversation;
Places: Westerville (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)