Description: Dated ca. 1907-1912, this photograph shows the barracks at Carlisle Indian Industrial School. Founded by the United States government in 1879, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School was a boarding school for American Indian peoples. Students were taught common school subjects, such as English, history, and math, and also learned professional trade skills for their careers after school. Many American Indians criticized the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, and other boarding schools for native youths, because the schools forced children to leave their families and abandon their native language and culture. Jim Thorpe attended the Carlisle Indian Industrial School as a young man. Jim Thorpe, a Sac and Fox Native, was an American athlete, playing professional football and baseball, and an Olympic track gold medalist. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV235_1_9
Subjects: Carlisle Indian Industrial School; Thorpe, Jim 1887-1953; American Indian athletes--United States--History; American Indian history; Education
Places: Carlisle (Pennsylvania); Cumberland County (Pennsylvania)
 

Description: This map shows American Indian trails and war roads throughout the southwestern Ohio region, dating from the last decades of the 18th century. Also identified on the map are locations of towns, camps and settlements; millitary forts and stockades; important natural resources; sites of battles during the Ohio Indian Wars; and other points of interest. According to the title, the map was drawn by Morten Carlisle and published in 1930, and was compiled from a map by R. G. Lewis and Walter M. Dawley with the aid of W. H. Burtner and John B. Hunley. The original map has been split into six pieces. The final digital image shows these pieces positioned in their original order. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MAPVFM0434_4_01
Subjects: American Indian history; American Indians--Maps; Ohio History--Settlement and Early Statehood; American Indian tribal leaders; Battlefields;
Places: Southwestern Ohio
 

Description: Illustration of Simon Girty, Ohio Country frontiersman, printed in Volume 6 of the Ohio Archaeological and Historical Publications by the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society. Girty was born in Chambers Mill, Pennsylvania, in 1741. During the French and Indian War, his family sought refuge in Fort Granville, which was captured in 1755 by an army of French soldiers and native Indians. Girty eventually found himself in the hands of the Seneca Indians who took him to the Ohio Country and adopted him. His knowledge of Indian culture and language was highly sought after during the American Revolutionary War as both the British and Americans hoped to secure alliances with various local tribes. Girty first aligned himself with the Americans. However, he was discharged from the American military in 1777 and afterwards offered his help to the British. After the war, Girty continued to aid the Indians of the Ohio Country in resisting further settlement of the Ohio Country, participating in the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. He eventually moved to Canada, where he died in 1818. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC2697_Girty_001
Subjects: American Revolutionary War, 1775-1783; American Indians in Ohio; Fallen Timbers, Battle of, Ohio, 1794; Forts & fortifications; American Indian history; American Indians--Warfare; American Indians; Ohio History; Ohio History--Settlement and Early Statehood
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Illustration of Simon Girty, Ohio Country frontiersman, from "History of Ohio in Words of One Syllable" by Anne Cole Cady, printed in "An Ohio Portrait" by George W. Knepper. Girty was born in Chambers Mill, Pennsylvania, in 1741. During the French and Indian War, his family sought refuge in Fort Granville, which was captured in 1755 by an army of French soldiers and native Indians. Girty eventually found himself in the hands of the Seneca Indians who took him to the Ohio Country and adopted him. His knowledge of Indian culture and language was highly sought after during the American Revolutionary War as both the British and Americans hoped to secure alliances with various local tribes. Girty first aligned himself with the Americans. However, he was discharged from the American military in 1777 and afterwards offered his help to the British. After the war, Girty continued to aid the Indians of the Ohio Country in resisting further settlement of the Ohio Country, participating in the Ba View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC2697_Girty_002
Subjects: American Revolutionary War, 1775-1783; American Indians in Ohio; Fallen Timbers, Battle of, Ohio, 1794; Forts & fortifications; American Indian history; American Indians--Warfare; American Indians; Ohio History; Ohio History--Settlement and Early Statehood
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Portrait of an American Indian with the inscription, "Bah Born Ba-Dah," ca. 1880-1889. He is seated, wrapped in a blanket and appears to be smoking a pipe. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03832
Subjects: American Indians--Portraits; American Indian history and society
 

Description: Photograph of an American Indian woman identified as Dove Wing, ca. 1880-1889. She holds a rifle propped on her left shoulder and stands against an illustrated backdrop. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03837
Subjects: American Indian women; American Indians--Portraits; American Indian history and society
 

Description: Flint scraper is rectangular in shape. It was made from a flake of flint chipped on only one side (unifacial). All edges show signs of use. The underside is flat (the original flake surface) and the upper is slightly rounded. It is mostly gray mottled with grayish brown and pale brown. Item was found at the Stringtown Site in Franklin County, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07431
Subjects: Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indian history and society; American Indians--Archaeology; Tools
Places: Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Oval-shaped endscraper is mottled light gray, gray, black, pale red and dusky red. It was made from a small flake of flint that was chipped (knapped) on one side (uniface). Only one end shows signs of use. The flint may have been fire heated. Item was found at the Stringtown Site in Franklin County, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07433
Subjects: Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indian history and society; American Indians; Tools
Places: Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Gorget is made of marine shell that is pink and pinkish gray in color. It is of the sandal-sole type; the shape is similar to the sole of a shoe or sandal, although it is not flat but rather retains the curvature of the shell from which it was cut. The narrow end is squared off. There are three holes on the long axis. Two are close to the pointed end and the third is near the center. Item was found at the Zimmerman Site in Hardin County, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07459
Subjects: Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indian history and society; Tools; American Indians--Archaeology; Glacial Kame Culture (8000-800 B.C.)
Places: Hardin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Fragment of a shell-tempered ceramic vessel has a straight neck and rounded shoulder. The rim has indentations that form a scalloped border. A strip of clay was added beneath the rim and was notched. It appears to have horizontal cordmarking that has been rubbed out on the body below the added strip. The sherd ranges in color from very dark gray to grayish brown and very pale brown. Item was found at the Riker Village Site Collection in Tuscarawas County, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07467
Subjects: Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indian history and society; Pottery; American Indians--Archaeology; Whittlesey Culture (A.D. 1000-1650)
Places: Tuscarawas County (Ohio)
 

Description: A map of Ohio Indian village sites and trails, done by H.C. Shetrone and R.B. Sherman of the Ohio Historical Society. Also included on the map are American and European posts, the Greenville Treaty line, and notations for whether an Indian town was associated with the Delaware, Wyandot, Shawnee or Miami tribe. A chronology printed on either side of the map covers Ohio's history and settlement, as well as interactions between American Indians and settlers, from 1669 until 1842. Shetrone was Curator of Archaeology for the Ohio Historical Society between 1921 and 1928 and served as the Society's director from 1928 until 1947. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MAP_VFM0477_4
Subjects: American Indians in Ohio; Maps--Ohio; Map drawing; American Indian history and society; American Indians--Maps; Treaty of Green Ville (1795);
Places: Ohio
 

Description: This photograph shows the Mound City Group at Hopewell Culture National Historical Park in Ross County, Ohio. This mound group consists of 23 mounds within an 13-acre rectangular enclosure. During World War I, the site was occupied by Camp Sherman, a military training center for Ohio soldiers. In the 1920s, the Ohio Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection) conducted archaeological excavations of the site and reconstructed the mounds there. The Mound City Group was created and inhabited by the Hopewell Culture, an American Indian cultural group which lived in Ohio from 100 BC-500 AD. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07963
Subjects: Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1–400); Mounds--Ohio--Ross County; American Indian history and society; American Indians--Archaeology; National parks & reserves
Places: Chillicothe (Ohio); Ross County (Ohio)