Description: A photograph showing the interior and performers of the first "Temple of Amusement" showboat, owned by E. E. Eisenbarth. Ellsworth Eugene Eisenbarth was born October 22, 1864, in Ironton, Ohio. The family later moved to Wetzel County, West Virginia. By 1889, Eisenbarth was traveling the mid-Atlantic states in "The Oregon Indian Medicine Show," which featured such entertainment as real cowboys and “Indians.” He next bought a floating store, which he refitted as a showboat and christened "The Eisenbarth Wild West & Floating Opera." The endeavor lasted from 1891 to 1895. By the late 1890s, Eisenbarth and his wife Julia had founded "The Eisenbarth & Henderson Mammoth and Combined Uncle Tom’s Cabin Company," complete with calliope, band and orchestra, which also traveled throughout the middle states by rail. In February of 1900, E. E. and Julia converted a glass barge named the E. V. Poke No. 2 into "The Eisenbarth-Henderson Floating Theatre, Temple of Amusement." This showboat and its successor ("The Eisenbarth-Henderson Floating Theatre-The New Great Modern Temple of Amusement")were devoted to bringing Shakespearean plays and other dramas, such as “Human Hearts” to the waterways. Eisenbarth also worked with a traveling company of players, perhaps to remain off the rivers during the winter months. The Temple cleared more money than almost any other boat on the Ohio River, even though it only played four nights a week and never on Sunday. Julia Eisenbarth died sometime after, and E.E. remarried in 1908 to Jennie Salina Brown. In 1909, he presented his last show on a riverboat, “The Castle.” He sold The Temple showboat to the Needham-Steiner Amusement Company that year, and although he made bids on other boats, these proved unsuccessful and The Temple ended up being his last showboat. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07548
Subjects: Popular culture; Showboats; Ohio River; Traveling shows; Theater--Ohio; Actors; Musicians;
Places: Ohio River; Marietta (Ohio); Washington County (Ohio)
 

Description: This image is a view of Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery, Columbus, Ohio. Rows of headstones mark the soldiers' graves. Visible in the left center background is a bronze figure of a Confederate soldier standing atop a stone arch. The cemetery is located in a residential neighborhood. Organized in 1861, Camp Chase initially replaced Camp Jackson, located near Columbus, as a recruitment and training center for the Union Army. The facility was named after Salmon P. Chase, Treasury Secretary under President Abraham Lincoln and former governor of Ohio. However, Camp Chase became a prisoner-of-war camp early in the war. The first inmates at Camp Chase were chiefly political and military prisoners from Kentucky and Western Virginia allegedly loyal to the Confederacy. Union victories at Fort Donaldson, Tennessee, on Feb. 16, 1862, and at Mississippi River Island No. 10, on April 8, 1862, brought an influx of Confederate prisoners to Camp Chase, most of whom were enlisted men and non-commissioned officers. During 1863 the prison population at Camp Chase numbered 8,000 men, its peak. Like many prisons in the north, Camp Chase was ravaged by disease; during late 1864, a smallpox epidemic resulted in many deaths. During the course of the Civil War, more than two thousand Confederate prisoners died at Camp Chase. Initially, prison officials buried dead prisoners in a Columbus city cemetery. In 1863, however, the prison established its own cemetery. Remains were reinterred in the prison cemetery after its opening. Following the war, thirty-one Confederate bodies from Camp Dennison near Cincinnati were moved to the Camp Chase cemetery. The Union military closed Camp Chase at the end of the Civil War. Efforts to mark the graves of the Confederate dead within the cemetery began by the mid-1890s. Led by William H. Knauss, a wounded Union Army veteran, this movement succeeded in bringing together both Union and Confederate veterans’ organizations to pay tribute to those interred in the cemetery. Memorial services have been held at the cemetery every year since 1896. On June 7, 1902, a monument to the Confederate dead was erected at the cemetery. In 1904, Congress allocated funds for the maintenance of Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery. Most of what remains of Camp Chase today includes two acres of land, consisting primarily of the Confederate cemetery. Officially, the Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery contains an estimated 2,168 remains in 2,122 graves. Camp Chase Confederate Cemetery has two monuments. The first depicts a bronze figure of a Confederate Civil War soldier standing atop a granite arch, his rifle held vertically in front of him, with both hands resting on the top of the barrel. Originally the memorial consisted of a wooden arch inscribed with the word “AMERICANS,” but in 1902 the wooden arch was replaced with this 17' tall stone memorial. The second monument is a 3-foot-tall boulder underneath the stone arch. Installed in 1897, the boulder bears an inscription that reads: "2260 Confederate Soldiers of the war 1861-1865 buried in this enclosure." (This statistic disagrees with the official record.) The Camp Chase site, including the Confederate Cemetery, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06659
Subjects: Camp Chase (Ohio); American Civil War, 1861-1865; Cemeteries; Prisoners of war; National Register of Historic Places
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Visitor to the French Gratitude Train looking at a display case of traditional French dolls. On the wall are posters for the Alsace and Savoie regions of France from the French National Railroad Society. In 1948 the United States sent a large shipment of food, fuel and clothing to Le Havre, France, to be distributed to needy people in the war-torn country. To reciprocate, the French people collected gifts, including hand-made toys and crafts and local specialities, to send to the United States. The gifts filled 49 box cars, one for each state and one to be shared by Hawaii and Washington, D.C. The train, known as the "Gratitude Train," "Train de la Reconnaissance," or "Merci Train," arrived in the United States in 1949. The boxcars were "40 & 8" type cars that had been used to transport troops during World War I and World War II. The Ohio train traveled through the state from June 5 through October 22, 1950. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC1344_09
Subjects: World War II; Postwar Europe; France; International relations; French Gratitude Train
Places: Ohio
 

Description: This print shows the exterior of Fort McIntosh in Beaver, Pennsylvania. Constructed in 1778, Fort McIntosh was the first fort north of the Ohio River, and was the site of the signing of the Treaty of Fort McIntosh on January 21, 1785, in which many Ohio American Indian tribes ceded land east of the Cuyahoga and Muskingum Rivers to the United States government. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL08442
Subjects: Forts & fortifications; Treaties; American Indian history and society
Places: Beaver (Pennsylvania)
 

Description: Photograph of Louis Bromfield on a tractor at his home on Malabar Farm. Ohio author, farmer, and conservationist Louis Bromfield (1896-1956) received the Pulitzer Prize for his book Early Autumn in 1927 and wrote 30 best-selling books during his 32-year literary career. In 1939, he created his dream, Malabar Farm, where he could demonstrate sound soil and water conservation practices and teach others about sustainable agriculture. The Friends of the Land was a conservation society formed in March 1940 as a non-profit, non-partisan, independent organization supported entirely by its members. It worked with all government and private agencies to support, increase, and unify all efforts for the control and wise use of rain, soil, and all living products. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: P32_B02F01_001
Subjects: Louis Bromfield; Authors; Literary Ohio; Agricultural economics; Malabar Farm;
Places: Lucas (Ohio); Richland County (Ohio)
 

Description: Regimental colors of the 6th Ohio Infantry Regiment, U.S. Volunteers. Rectangular flag measures 139 cm high by 162 cm wide. Text on flag reads: 6th Ohio Inf Vol's. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL02208
Subjects: Flags--Ohio; Spanish-American War, 1898
 

Description: This photograph shows the famous doorway of Penn Tavern (note the sign on the door reading "C.V. Penn") in Middlebourne, Ohio, along the National Road. The National Road was the United State's first federally-funded interstate, built between 1811-1834. It connected the eastern states to the west and ran through central Ohio. Many inns and taverns were built to accommodate the travelers along the route. The Penn Tavern was demolished prior to November 8, 1996, having stood on the same site since 1842. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B01F07_003
Subjects: Architecture--Ohio--Pictorial works.; Architecture, Domestic--Ohio--Pictorial works.; Inns; Taverns
Places: Middlebourne (Ohio); Guernsey County (Ohio)
 

Description: Located 801 Plum St., City Hall occupies the entire block from 8th to 9th Sts, and from Plum St to Central Ave. A smaller building housed city council on the same site from 1852. Hannaford's Romanesque revival was dedicated May 13, 1893. Large stained glass windows by the New York firm Pottier Stymus & Co. depict the benevolent dictator Cincinnatus, the trials of early settlers, and Cincinnati as the Queen City of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's "Catawba Wine". Samuel Hannaford and Sons remains the most prolific and widely-studied Cincinnati architectural firm; a company register from the 1930s lists 1000 buildings completed, and Hannaford family members were active from 1857 to the post-WWII period. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B02F14_037_1
Subjects: Cincinnati--Buildings, structures, etc.; Hannaford, Samuel, 1835-1911
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of Bishop Dougal Ormonde Beaconfield Walker kneeling in the front yard of his home. Walker was the 66th Bishop of the the African Methodist Episcopal Church and the 10th President of Wilberforce University. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: NAM_P2_B05F07_E_1
Subjects: Historical Black Colleges and Universities; Religion in Ohio; Wilberforce University; African American men; African American Educators
Places: Wilberforce (Ohio); Greene County (Ohio)
 

Description: Dated ca. 1939, this photograph shows the intersection of Back Street and Hamer Street in Over-the-Rhine in Cincinnati, Ohio. Germans fleeing the upheaval of the revolutions of 1848 settled in Cincinnati in large numbers. By mid-century, a German area north and east of Central Parkway, centered on Vine Street, had become known as Over-the-Rhine. By the 1890s its high concentration of breweries and bars made it the entertainment center of the city; though the neighborhood never recovered from Prohibition, it retains the greatest density of Italianate architecture in the United States. The area was a poor and working-class neighborhood for much of the 20th century, and in the 21st century it continued to endure alternate periods of investment and disinvestment. The area was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F10_32_01
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Streets; Automobiles; Immigrants--Ohio; Stores and shops; Over-the-Rhine (Cincinnati, Ohio)
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Works Progress Administration in Ohio Federal Writers Project 1 902 Municipal Building Akron, Ohio Sept 8 1937 Activity: Foot paths along lake of 27 acres being built by C.C.C. men of Camp Jefferson (Colored) Picture shows part of lake with wooded section where trees are being planted by C.C.C. men. Foot path on left shows type of work done by the boys and extends for several miles into wild game preserve. CCC Camps" This photograph is believed to show Jefferson Lake State Park in Richmond, Ohio. The lake and other park facilities were constructed by the Civilian Conservation Corps during the Great Depression. The dam was constructed in 1934, while the lake was filled by 1946. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B12F11_038_001
Subjects: Civilian Conservation Corps (U.S.); Dams; Foot paths; Landscapes; Geography and Natural Resources; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Richmond (Ohio); Jefferson County (Ohio)
 

Description: A photograph of earthwork restoration finished on Section IV, D-2 at Fort Ancient. 1,000 feet of restoration on the earthworks was completed. Seventy-five acres of tree planting was completed. Trees were donated to the park by Dr. Burl W. Gray. Fort Ancient features 18,000 feet of earthen walls built 2,000 years ago by American Indians who used the shoulder blades of deer, split elk antler, clam shell hoes and digging sticks to dig the dirt. They then carried the soil in baskets holding 35 to 40 pounds. Portions of the walls were used in conjunction with the sun and moon to provide a calendar system for the peoples. Section assignment in the photo corresponds with the Fort Ancient map at http://www.ohiomemory.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p15005coll32&CISOPTR=272&CISOBOX=1&REC=4 View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 3076_89_22_01
Subjects: Civilian Conservation Corps (U.S.); New Deal, 1933-1939; Fort Ancient State Memorial (Ohio); Mounds--Ohio
Places: Fort Ancient (Ohio); Warren County (Ohio)