Description: Typed on reverse: "Miamisburg Mound. State Route 9 (15-57-151) Miamisburg, Ohio. Montgomery - Co." The Miamisburg Mound (officially Miamisburg Mound State Memorial) is the largest conical burial mound in the state of Ohio and possibly in the eastern U. S. It is located south of downtown Miamisburg, on Mound Avenue. Archaeological investigations of the surrounding area suggest that it was constructed by the prehistoric Adena Indians (800 BC - AD 100). Built on a 100-foot-high bluff, the mound measures 877 feet in circumference and was originally more than 70 feet high. Visitors may climb the 116 steps from its base to the summit for a view of the surrounding park. The 37-acre park has picnic tables and a playground. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B09F04_013_001
Subjects: Earthworks (Archaeology)--Ohio; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Miamisburg (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: Fascinated by the Hopewell and Adena mounds, Ephraim Squier (1821-1887) befriended Edwin Davis, a specialist on the Ohio mounds, and assisted him in his research. In 1851, the two men wrote their findings in the first book ever published by the Smithsonian Institution, "Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley." Squier became well-known and used his newfound popularity to become a prominent ambassador to Central and South American countries. One of his primary goals during his service was also to study prehistoric sites. Squier served in Guatemala, Peru, Nicaragua, and Honduras. He also continued to publish, including several works on the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas. He died in 1887. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04037
Subjects: Mounds--Ohio; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100); Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400); Archaeology--United States--History
 

Description: Typed on reverse: "Portion of the finished Grading at State Mound near Miamisburg. 1936." This photograph shows driveway, parking area and burial mound in Miamisburg. The Miamisburg Mound is the largest conical burial mound in the state of Ohio and possibly in the eastern U. S. Archaeological investigations of the surrounding area suggest that it was constructed by the prehistoric Adena Culture (800 BC - AD 100). Built on a 100-foot-high bluff, the mound measures 877 feet in circumference. It was originally more than 70 feet high. Visitors may climb the 116 steps from its base to the summit for a view of the surrounding park. The 37-acre park has picnic tables and a playground. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B09F04_002_001
Subjects: Earthworks (Archaeology)--Ohio; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Miamisburg (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: Typed on reverse: "Montgomery County., Miamisburg, Ohio. Shelter House at Miamisburg Mound - State (15-57-151), Fed. 1022. August 4, 1936." Embossed on the bottom corner is "Sam R. Kremer Photographer Dayton, O." The Miamisburg Mound (officially Miamisburg Mound State Memorial) is the largest conical burial mound in the state of Ohio and possibly in the eastern U. S. It is located south of downtown Miamisburg, on Mound Road. Archaeological investigations of the surrounding area suggest that it was constructed by the prehistoric Adena Indians (800 BC - AD 100). Built on a 100-foot-high bluff, the mound measures 877 feet in circumference and was originally more than 70 feet high. Visitors may climb the 116 steps from its base to the summit for a view of the surrounding park. The 37-acre park has picnic tables and a playground. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B09F04_008_001
Subjects: Earthworks (Archaeology)--Ohio; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Miamisburg (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: Typed on reverse: "Montgomery County., Miamisburg, Ohio. Miamisburg Mound. August 4, 1936. State (15-57-151) Fed. 1022." The Miamisburg Mound (officially Miamisburg Mound State Memorial) is the largest conical burial mound in the state of Ohio and possibly in the eastern U. S. It is located south of downtown Miamisburg, on Mound Avenue. Archaeological investigations of the surrounding area suggest that it was constructed by the prehistoric Adena Indians (800 BC - AD 100). Built on a 100-foot-high bluff, the mound measures 877 feet in circumference and was originally more than 70 feet high. Visitors may climb the 116 steps from its base to the summit for a view of the surrounding park. The 37-acre park has picnic tables and a playground. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B09F04_018_001
Subjects: Earthworks (Archaeology)--Ohio; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Miamisburg (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: Dated ca. 1940-1949, this photograph shows Mound Cemetery and the Piketon Mounds in Piketon in Pike County, Ohio. Mound cemetery is a modern cemetery built on top of ancient American Indian mounds which were constructed by the Adena and Hopewell cultures. This site is on the National Register of Historic Places. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00397
Subjects: Piketon (Ohio); American Indians in Ohio; National Register of Historic Places; Mounds--Ohio; Cemeteries--Ohio; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100); Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1-400) (A.D. 1–400)
Places: Piketon (Ohio); Pike County (Ohio)
 

Description: Typed on reverse: "Montgomery County. Miamisburg, Ohio. Comfort Station at Miamisburg Mound. August 4, 1936. State 15-57-151. Fed. 1022." The Miamisburg Mound (officially Miamisburg Mound State Memorial) is the largest conical burial mound in the state of Ohio and possibly in the eastern U. S. It is located south of downtown Miamisburg, on Mound Avenue. Archaeological investigations of the surrounding area suggest that it was constructed by the prehistoric Adena Indians (800 BC - AD 100). Built on a 100-foot-high bluff, the mound measures 877 feet in circumference and was originally more than 70 feet high. Visitors may climb the 116 steps from its base to the summit for a view of the surrounding park. The 37-acre park has picnic tables and a playground. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B09F04_011_001
Subjects: Earthworks (Archaeology)--Ohio; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Miamisburg (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing the Old Stone Fort Dining Room restaurant, believed to be near Glenford Fort in Perry County, Ohio. Glenford Fort is located on a high bluff-like hill just south of the village of Glenford in Perry County, Ohio. The “fort’ is outlined by a mile long wall that follows the edge of the hilltop, enclosing about 40 acres. Located within the fort was a large stone mound that measured about 100 feet in diameter and 12-15 feet high. Unlike the earthen walls comprising other hilltop enclosures in Ohio, portions of the walls at Glenford Fort are made up almost entirely of stone cobbles gathered from exposed bedrock strata occurring at that elevation. At other locations the perimeter of the fort is defined by massive sections of bedrock split into long vertical gaps parallel with the bluff edge. These were further widened by glacial action, seeming to form natural passageways within the bedrock. Glenford Fort survives much as it looked to early surveyors thanks to the longtime ownership of a local family. The interior stone mound did not fare as well. In the 1980s it was excavated using less-than-professional standards, although work there did produce artifacts diagnostic of the Adena culture. This was backed by a radiocarbon date of 2220 +/- 50 bp or 270 B.C. As with other hilltop enclosures in Ohio, it more likely served as a ceremonial precinct than a defensive position. Glenford Fort is now owned and managed by the Perry County Soil & Water Conservation District with the support of the Arc of Appalachia and the Heartland Earthwork Conservancy View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F04_004_002
Subjects: Restaurants--Ohio--History; Glenford Fort (Ohio); Adena culture--Ohio; Earthworks (Archaeology)
Places: Perry County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the Old Stone Fort Dining Room, believed to be near the Glenford Fort earthwork site in Perry County, Ohio. Glenford Fort is located on a high bluff-like hill just south of the village of Glenford in Perry County, Ohio. The “fort’ is outlined by a mile long wall that follows the edge of the hilltop, enclosing about 40 acres. Located within the fort was a large stone mound that measured about 100 feet in diameter and 12-15 feet high. Unlike the earthen walls comprising other hilltop enclosures in Ohio, portions of the walls at Glenford Fort are made up almost entirely of stone cobbles gathered from exposed bedrock strata occurring at that elevation. At other locations the perimeter of the fort is defined by massive sections of bedrock split into long vertical gaps parallel with the bluff edge. These were further widened by glacial action, seeming to form natural passageways within the bedrock. Glenford Fort survives much as it looked to early surveyors thanks to the longtime ownership of a local family. The interior stone mound did not fare as well. In the 1980s it was excavated using less-than-professional standards, although work there did produce artifacts diagnostic of the Adena culture. This was backed by a radiocarbon date of 2220 +/- 50 bp or 270 B.C. As with other hilltop enclosures in Ohio, it more likely served as a ceremonial precinct than a defensive position. Glenford Fort is now owned and managed by the Perry County Soil & Water Conservation District with the support of the Arc of Appalachia and the Heartland Earthwork Conservancy View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F04_004_001
Subjects: Restaurants--Ohio--History; Glenford Fort (Ohio); Adena culture--Ohio; Earthworks (Archaeology)
Places: Perry County (Ohio)
 

Description: Serpent Mound is a spectacular effigy earthwork of a serpent uncoiling along a prominent ridgetop in northern Adams County, Ohio. From the tip of its nose to the end of its tail, the effigy is 1,348 feet long. When it was originally described in 1848, the body of the serpent was five feet high and 30 feet wide. Excavations between 1887 and 1889 by Frederic Putnam, of Harvard University's Peabody Museum, revealed the structure of the earthwork, but Putnam did not find any artifacts that revealed the age or cultural affiliation of the mound. Until recently, archaeologists assumed that Serpent Mound was built by the Adena culture (800 B.C. to 100 A.D.) since two Adena burial mounds are located nearby. Yet Putnam also discovered traces of a village of the Fort Ancient culture (1000 A.D. to 1650 A.D.) near the Serpent. Excavations conducted in 1991 recovered charcoal that returned radiocarbon dates suggesting that the Fort Ancient people built the mound between about 1025 A.D. and 1215 A.D. Serpents are a common feature in the art of the Late Prehistoric Period (900 A.D. to 1650 A.D.). Many American Indians of the Eastern Woodlands believed the Great Serpent was a powerful spirit of the Underworld, and it is believed that Serpent Mound may be a representation of these beliefs. The head of Serpent Mound is aligned with the setting sun on the summer solstice and the coils may be aligned to the summer and winter solstice and equinox sunrises. These alignments support the idea that Serpent Mound had a ceremonial purpose for its creators. Frederic Putnam saved Serpent Mound from destruction. On his urging, funds were raised for Harvard University to purchase the site. Later, the ownership was transferred to the Ohio Historical Society. Serpent Mound is now recognized as a National Historic Landmark. Serpent Mound State Memorial is located 20 miles south of Bainbridge in Adams County. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC804_SerpentMound_01
Subjects: Great Serpent Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Art)--United States; American Indian history; Earthworks (Archaeology); Mounds--Ohio--Adams County; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100); Fort Ancient Culture (A.D. 1000–1650)
Places: Adams County (Ohio);
 

Description: Serpent Mound is a spectacular effigy earthwork of a serpent uncoiling along a prominent ridgetop in northern Adams County, Ohio. From the tip of its nose to the end of its tail, the effigy is 1,348 feet long. When it was originally described in 1848, the body of the serpent was five feet high and 30 feet wide. Excavations between 1887 and 1889 by Frederic Putnam, of Harvard University's Peabody Museum, revealed the structure of the earthwork, but Putnam did not find any artifacts that revealed the age or cultural affiliation of the mound. Until recently, archaeologists assumed that Serpent Mound was built by the Adena culture (800 B.C. to 100 A.D.) since two Adena burial mounds are located nearby. Yet Putnam also discovered traces of a village of the Fort Ancient culture (1000 A.D. to 1650 A.D.) near the Serpent. Excavations conducted in 1991 recovered charcoal that returned radiocarbon dates suggesting that the Fort Ancient people built the mound between about 1025 A.D. and 1215 A View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC804_SerpentMound_02
Subjects: Great Serpent Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Art)--United States; American Indian history; Earthworks (Archaeology); Mounds--Ohio--Adams County; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100); Fort Ancient Culture (A.D. 1000–1650)
Places: Adams County (Ohio);
 

Description: Reverse Reads "Miamisburg Mound" and "Aug 4 1936". The Miamisburg Mound is the largest conical burial mound in the state of Ohio and possibly in the eastern U. S. Archaeological investigations of the surrounding area suggest that it was constructed by the prehistoric Adena Indians (800 BC - AD 100). Built on a 100-foot-high bluff, the mound measures 877 feet in circumference. It was originally more than 70 feet high. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B09F03_012_001
Subjects: Mounds--Ohio--Montgomery County; Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100); Automobiles
Places: Miamisburg (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)