Description: A photograph of an employee of the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company in Columbus, Ohio, posing beside a mine ventilation fan manufactured by the company. The Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, also known as the Jeffrey Mining Corporate Center, was established in 1876 as the Lechner Mining Machine Company in Columbus, Ohio by Joseph Jeffrey and Francis Lechner. The company was the number one manufacturer of coal mining machinery worldwide until the mid-twentieth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00927
Subjects: Mining machinery; Coal mining; Coal mines and mining; Inventions; Coal-mining machinery; Manufacturing industries--Ohio; Inventors--Ohio; Ohio Economy--Economy--Labor
Places: Columbus (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows two laborers using a portable bag stacker built by the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, Columbus, Ohio. They are working at the Etna Portland Cement Company in Cleveland, Ohio. The photograph was taken July 13, 1928. The Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, also known as the Jeffrey Mining Corporate Center, was established in 1876 as the Lechner Mining Machine Company in Columbus, Ohio by Joseph Jeffrey and Francis Lechner. The company was the number one manufacturer of coal mining machinery worldwide until the mid-twentieth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00925
Subjects: African Americans; Ohio Economy--Economy--Business; Coal mining; Coal mines and mining -- Ohio; Inventions; Coal-mining machinery; Manufacturing industries--Ohio
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: The 1877 model of the Lechner air mining machine revolutionized the coal mining industry. This image measures 8.5" by 11" (21.59 by 27.94 cm). In the 1870s, coal mining was slow and dangerous work. In a typical 12-hour day, productivity was only two tons per man. Much of the labor involved under-cutting--a miner had to lie on his side while digging a 6-inch-thick cut 4 feet deep across a 10-to-20-foot wide face. In 1876, a Columbus man, Francis Lechner, designed a chain-driven, air-powered machine that could undercut the coal mechanically, increasing daily productivity by one ton of coal per man. Lechner teamed up with Joseph Andrew Jeffrey and formed the Lechner Mining Machine Company in 1877. The Lechner coal-cutting machine eventually became a standard for the coal industry. The Columbus-based business, which in 1887 became known as the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, was one of the city's most successful and long-lasting firms of the 20th century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1479_1149139_001
Subjects: Business and labor; Science and Technology; Geography and Natural Resources; Coal mining; Machinery
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph depicts mechanical vibrating conveyors, or MV conveyors, made by the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company in Columbus, Ohio, being used at a metal casting foundry in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1955. The Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, also known as the Jeffrey Mining Corporate Center, was established in 1876 as the Lechner Mining Machine Company in Columbus, Ohio by Joseph Jeffrey and Francis Lechner. The company was the number one manufacturer of coal mining machinery worldwide until the mid-twentieth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00955
Subjects: African Americans; Coal mining; Coal mines and mining; Inventions; Coal-mining machinery; Manufacturing industries--Ohio; Inventors--Ohio; Ohio Economy--Economy--Labor;
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio); Columbus (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph depicts a 209-B portable loader produced by the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company of Columbus, Ohio, is shown loading coal to the tender of a steam locomotive at the Nickel Plate Railroad in Michigan City, Indiana. The Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, also known as the Jeffrey Mining Corporate Center, was established in 1876 as the Lechner Mining Machine Company in Columbus, Ohio by Joseph Jeffrey and Francis Lechner. The company was the number one manufacturer of coal mining machinery worldwide until the mid-twentieth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL01583
Subjects: Railroads; Coal mining; Coal mines and mining -- Ohio; Inventions; Coal-mining machinery; Manufacturing industries--Ohio; Inventors -- Ohio; Ohio Economy--Economy--Labor
Places: Michigan City (Indiana); Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph depicts portable elevator built by the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company of Columbus, Ohio. The elevator raised sand and gravel to the top of the machine where it was dumped onto vibrating screens that separated sand from gravel and loaded it on to horse-drawn wagons. The Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, also known as the Jeffrey Mining Corporate Center, was established in 1876 as the Lechner Mining Machine Company in Columbus, Ohio by Joseph Jeffrey and Francis Lechner. The company was the number one manufacturer of coal mining machinery worldwide until the mid-twentieth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL01644
Subjects: Conveying machinery; Coal mining; Coal mines and mining; Inventions; Coal-mining machinery; Manufacturing industries--Ohio; Inventors--Ohio; Ohio Economy--Economy--Labor
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Dated ca. 1930-1943, this photograph shows two men shoveling coal into minecarts at the Blue Bell Mine near Strasburg, Ohio, in Tuscarawas County. A note on the reverse of the photograph reads "Close up surface coal mining. Blue Bell mine near Strasburg. S. H. Green. West High Ave., New Phila, N.K." The first European settlers recognized the value in Ohio's natural coal resources and in 1837 the first Geological Survey of Ohio studied the mineral resources of the state, especially coal. Ohio's canal system allowed for easy coal transportation for mining, and by the mid 1800s railroads and more advanced mining technologies advanced coal mining output in Ohio. Eventually, coal became the primary source of energy for electricity and fueled the many steel mills in the upper Ohio River Valley. This photograph is one of the many visual materials collected for use in the Ohio Guide. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration by executive order to create jobs for the large numbers of unemployed laborers, as well as artists, musicians, actors, and writers. The Federal Arts Program, a sector of the Works Progress Administration, included the Federal Writers’ Project, one of the primary goals of which was to complete the America Guide series, a series of guidebooks for each state which included state history, art, architecture, music, literature, and points of interest to the major cities and tours throughout the state. Work on the Ohio Guide began in 1935 with the publication of several pamphlets and brochures. The Reorganization Act of 1939 consolidated the Works Progress Administration and other agencies into the Federal Works Administration, and the Federal Writers’ Project became the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio. The final product was published in 1940 and went through several editions. The Ohio Guide Collection consists of 4,769 photographs collected for use in Ohio Guide and other publications of the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio from 1935-1939. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F02_030_001
Subjects: Coal mines and mining--Ohio; Coal miners; Charcoal industry--Ohio; Blue Bell Mining Company; Photography--Ohio
Places: Strasburg (Ohio); Tuscarawas County (Ohio)
 

Description: Close view of coal miners engaged in surface mining at the Blue Bell Coal Mine near Strasburg, Ohio, ca. 1930-1939. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B14F02_001_001
Subjects: Surface mining; Coal mines and mining--Ohio--History
Places: Tuscarawas County (Ohio)
 

Description: Two 8" x 10" (20.32 x 25.4 cm) photographs document coal mining at the Sunday Creek Coal Mine Number 9 in Hocking County, Ohio. Organized in 1905, the Sunday Creek Coal Company operated dozens of mines in southeastern Ohio and West Virginia. Sunday Creek Coal Mine #6 in Millfield, Ohio was the site of one of the worst mining disasters in Ohio's history. On November 5, 1930, a buildup of methane gas exploded when the trolley the miners used to carry coal out of the mine produced a spark on the track. Eighty-two men were killed. Following the explosion, the mine closed for about a month. It reopened and operated until 1945. Tougher safety regulations were instituted in 1931 as a result of the Sunday Creek Coal Mine disaster. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3093_3735472_001
Subjects: Geography and Natural Resources; Business and labor; Coal mines and mining; Coal;
Places: Hocking County (Ohio)
 

Description: A creek running along side a coal mining site in Athens County. Coal mining was once a major part of the economy of Athens County. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06846
Subjects: Streams; Coal mines and mining--Ohio
Places: Athens (Ohio); Athens County (Ohio)
 

Description: This line of molding machine hoppers operating at Forest City Foundries in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1955, was produced by the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company of Columbus, Ohio. The overhead hoppers were filled with sand which was released by opening a clam shell valve. The sand was poured into a mold used to cast metal machine parts and recycled to make many other castings. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00983
Subjects: Coal mining; Coal mines and mining; Inventions; Coal-mining machinery; Manufacturing industries--Ohio; Inventors--Ohio; Ohio Economy--Economy--Labor
Places: Cleveland (Ohio)
 

Description: Handwritten on reverse: "Strip coal mining. Apex, O. Largest shovel in World in background. Photo by Miller and Son, 436 Market Street, Steubenville, Ohio." This photograph is most likely of The Apex Coal Company. A similar photograph is shown in The Ohio Guide and the words "Industrial Coal ???" appear on the vehicle that is in the background of this photograph. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F06_054_001
Subjects: Coal mines and mining--Ohio
Places: Apex (Ohio); Harrison County (Ohio)