Description: Aerial view of the Ohio State Fairgrounds, 1854. The Ohio State Fair is an annual exhibition that showcases Ohio farming and commercial products and achievements. The first fair was held in 1850, and after moving to various locations around the state for several decades, the event settled at its permanent location at the Ohio Expo Center in Columbus in 1886. From September 19 through 22, 1854, the fair was held at Newark's Great Circle Mound (now known as Moundbuilders Park). View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04155
Subjects: Ohio State Fair (Newark, Ohio); Ohio Economy--Agriculture; Fairs--Ohio; Mounds--Ohio--Licking County
Places: Newark (Ohio); Licking County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption: Prehistoric Mound at Marietta O. Photo of Conus mound taken between 1935-1943. The early residents of Marietta recognized the earthworks as an important cultural feature worthy of preservation. It is to their credit that as early as 1788 they enacted resolutions that set aside several of the largest mounds for continual preservation on public lands. Radiocarbon dates, internal mound structure, stone tools, and types of pottery uncovered indicate that at least some portions of the Marietta Earthworks were created by the Hopewell Culture, which flourished generally between 100 B.C. and A.D. 400. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F01_070
Subjects: Mounds--Ohio; Cemeteries--Ohio; Earthworks (Archaeology); Marietta (Ohio); Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1–400)
Places: Marietta (Ohio); Tuscarawas County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph depicts an obelisk atop a small hill at the Mound Hill Cemetery. Founded in the 1800s, is the largest in Preble County. Originally called the Eaton Cemetery, it is now also called Mound Hill Union Cemetery and is located at 533 West Main Street, in Eaton. Named for a prehistoric Indian mound which can be found near the front which now holds the remains of 15 soldiers from General Anthony Wayne's army who were killed in an Indian attack on October 17, 1793. The remains were moved from burial sites at Fort St. Clair, then re-interred in the mound on October 1847, and a 10ft. monument of Rutland Marble erected. In the foreground are headstones for John Stephens and Ann Eliz., Daughter of John Stephens. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B09F10_010
Subjects: Cemeteries--Ohio; Obelisks; Mounds--Ohio; Wayne, Anthony, 1745-1796; Fort St. Clair (Ohio)
Places: Washington Township (Ohio); Eaton (Ohio); Preble County (Ohio)
 

Description: Aerial view of Serpent Mound, Adams County, Ohio. It is the largest serpent effigy mound in the United States. The Ohio Historical Society has managed the site since 1900. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL02747
Subjects: Adams County (Ohio); Other--Ohio Historical Society; Mounds--Ohio--Adams County; Great Serpent Mound (Ohio)
Places: Adams County (Ohio)
 

Description: Panoramic photograph showing five individuals standing at Serpent Mound, a monumental effigy mound in northern Adams County, Ohio. This earthwork depicts a serpent uncoiling along a prominent ridgetop; from the tip of its nose to the end of its tail, the effigy is 1,348 feet long. When it was originally described in 1848, the body of the serpent was five feet high and 30 feet wide. Until recently, archaeologists assumed that Serpent Mound was built by the Adena culture (800 B.C. to 100 A.D.) since two Adena burial mounds are located nearby. Yet excavations conducted in 1991 recovered charcoal that returned radiocarbon dates suggesting that the Fort Ancient people built the mound between about 1025 A.D. and 1215 A.D. Many American Indians of the Eastern Woodlands believed the Great Serpent was a powerful spirit of the Underworld, and it is believed that Serpent Mound may be a representation of these beliefs. The head of Serpent Mound is aligned with the setting sun on the summer solstice and the coils may be aligned to the summer and winter solstice and equinox sunrises. These alignments support the idea that Serpent Mound had a ceremonial purpose for its creators. Frederic Putnam saved Serpent Mound from destruction. On his urging, funds were raised for Harvard University to purchase the site. Later, the ownership was transferred to the Ohio Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection). Serpent Mound is now recognized as a National Historic Landmark. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: OVS7483
Subjects: Great Serpent Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Mounds--Ohio--Adams County;
Places: Adams County (Ohio)
 

Description: This is a picture of several earthworks at Fort Ancient near Lebanon, Ohio. Fort Ancient is a collection of American Indian earthworks, built by the Hopewell peoples, along the eastern shore of the Little Miami River. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B14F07_029_001
Subjects: Warren County (Ohio); Fort Ancient (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Mounds -- Ohio -- Warren County; Hopewell Culture (A.D. 1–400)
Places: Lebanon (Ohio); Warren County (Ohio)
 

Description: A photograph of earthwork restoration finished on Section IV, D-2 at Fort Ancient. 1,000 feet of restoration on the earthworks was completed. Seventy-five acres of tree planting was completed. Trees were donated to the park by Dr. Burl W. Gray. Fort Ancient features 18,000 feet of earthen walls built 2,000 years ago by American Indians who used the shoulder blades of deer, split elk antler, clam shell hoes and digging sticks to dig the dirt. They then carried the soil in baskets holding 35 to 40 pounds. Portions of the walls were used in conjunction with the sun and moon to provide a calendar system for the peoples. Section assignment in the photo corresponds with the Fort Ancient map at http://www.ohiomemory.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p15005coll32&CISOPTR=272&CISOBOX=1&REC=4 View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 3076_89_22_01
Subjects: Civilian Conservation Corps (U.S.); New Deal, 1933-1939; Fort Ancient State Memorial (Ohio); Mounds--Ohio
Places: Fort Ancient (Ohio); Warren County (Ohio)
 

Description: A photograph of workmen standing near a restored mound at Fort Ancient that was completed on January 31, 1934. In total, 1,000 feet of restoration on the earthworks was completed at Fort Ancient. Fort Ancient features 18, 000 feet of earthen walls built 2, 000 years ago by American Indians who used the shoulder blades of deer, split elk antler, clam shell hoes and digging sticks to dig the dirt. They then carried the soil in baskets holding 35 to 40 pounds. Portions of the walls were used in conjunction with the sun and moon to provide a calendar system for the peoples. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 3076_89_22_02
Subjects: Civilian Conservation Corps (U.S.); New Deal, 1933-1939; Fort Ancient State Memorial (Ohio); Mounds--Ohio
Places: Fort Ancient (Ohio); Warren County (Ohio)
 

Description: A photograph of restored mound finished on Section II, D-1 at Fort Ancient. 1,000 feet of restoration on the earthworks was completed. Seventy-five acres of tree planting was completed. Trees were donated to the park by Dr. Burl W. Gray. Fort Ancient features 18, 000 feet of earthen walls built 2, 000 years ago by American Indians who used the shoulder blades of deer, split elk antler, clam shell hoes and digging sticks to dig the dirt. They then carried the soil in baskets holding 35 to 40 pounds. Portions of the walls were used in conjunction with the sun and moon to provide a calendar system for the peoples. Section assignment in the photo corresponds with the Fort Ancient map at http://www.ohiomemory.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p15005coll32&CISOPTR=272&CISOBOX=1&REC=4 View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 3076_89_22_03
Subjects: Civilian Conservation Corps (U.S.); New Deal, 1933-1939; Fort Ancient State Memorial (Ohio); Mounds--Ohio
Places: Fort Ancient (Ohio); Warren County (Ohio)
 

Description: A photograph of restored mound finished on Section III, D-1 at Fort Ancient. 1, 000 feet of restoration on the earthworks was completed. Seventy-five acres of tree planting was completed. Trees were donated to the park by Dr. Burl W. Gray. Fort Ancient features 18, 000 feet of earthen walls built 2, 000 years ago by American Indians who used the shoulder blades of deer, split elk antler, clam shell hoes and digging sticks to dig the dirt. They then carried the soil in baskets holding 35 to 40 pounds. Portions of the walls were used in conjunction with the sun and moon to provide a calendar system for the peoples. Section assignment in the photo corresponds with the Fort Ancient map at http://www.ohiomemory.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p15005coll32&CISOPTR=272&CISOBOX=1&REC=4 View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 3076_89_22_04
Subjects: Civilian Conservation Corps (U.S.); New Deal, 1933-1939; Fort Ancient State Memorial (Ohio); Mounds--Ohio
Places: Fort Ancient (Ohio); Warren County (Ohio)
 

Description: Miamisburgh Mound State Memorial is located on the south side of Dayton, Ohio, in Montgomery County. Thought to be a part of the Adena Culture of the Early Woodland Period, it is about 68 feet high. This is the highest mound in Ohio and the second highest in the Eastern United States. The mound stands on top of a 100 foot ridge along the Great Miami River, making it visible for several miles. This mound is a burial mound standing on about 1 1/2 acres and is about 877 feet in circumference at the base. It is believed to contain about 54,000 cubic yards of earth. The mound may have been built in many layers over several generations. When a leader died, a wooden hut was created for the body. The hut was set on fire and then covered with a layer of soil. As other leaders were buried in this fashion, the mound grew in both width and height. Envelope reads "Montgomery County; Aug. 4, 1936; Miamisburg, Ohio; Miamisburg Mound in State Park; State I5-57-I5I; Fed. I622. View of mound 4x5 black and white negative; The Miamisburgh Mound is located in Montgomery County, 1 mile south of Exit 44 of SR 725 and 3 miles west of Exit 42 of I-75. There are 116 steps to the observation area on top of the mound gives visitors a wonderful view of the area." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B15F01_001
Subjects: Miamisburg (Ohio); Mounds--Ohio; Earthworks (Archaeology); Adena Culture (800 B.C.–A.D. 100)
Places: Miamisburg (Ohio); Montgomery County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of men lounging on the hillside of a reconstructed earthwork at Fort Ancient, Section VI, A-3. 1,000 feet of restoration on the earthworks was completed. Fort Ancient features 18,000 feet of earthen walls built 2,000 years ago by American Indians who used the shoulder blades of deer, split elk antler, clam shell hoes and digging sticks to dig the dirt. They then carried the soil in baskets holding 35 to 40 pounds. Portions of the walls were used in conjunction with the sun and moon to provide a calendar system for the peoples. Section assignment in the photo corresponds with the Fort Ancient map at http://www.ohiomemory.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/p15005coll32&CISOPTR=272&CISOBOX=1&REC=4 View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 3076_89_23_june34_01
Subjects: Civilian Conservation Corps (U.S.); New Deal, 1933-1939; Fort Ancient State Memorial (Ohio); Mounds--Ohio
Places: Fort Ancient (Ohio); Warren County (Ohio)