Description: Dated ca. 1907-1912, this photograph shows the barracks at Carlisle Indian Industrial School. Founded by the United States government in 1879, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School was a boarding school for American Indian peoples. Students were taught common school subjects, such as English, history, and math, and also learned professional trade skills for their careers after school. Many American Indians criticized the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, and other boarding schools for native youths, because the schools forced children to leave their families and abandon their native language and culture. Jim Thorpe attended the Carlisle Indian Industrial School as a young man. Jim Thorpe, a Sac and Fox Native, was an American athlete, playing professional football and baseball, and an Olympic track gold medalist. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV235_1_9
Subjects: Carlisle Indian Industrial School; Thorpe, Jim 1887-1953; American Indian athletes--United States--History; American Indian history; Education
Places: Carlisle (Pennsylvania); Cumberland County (Pennsylvania)
 

Description: Dated ca. 1907-1912, this photograph shows the Carlisle Indian Industrial School football team, possibly in pregame warmup. One of the players pictured here is Jim Thorpe, a Sac and Fox Native, who was an American athlete, playing professional football and baseball, and an Olympic track gold medalist. Founded by the United States government in 1879, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School was a boarding school for American Indian peoples. Students were taught common school subjects, such as English, history, and math, and also learned professional trade skills for their careers after school. Many American Indians criticized the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, and other boarding schools for native youths, because the schools forced children to leave their families and abandon their native language and culture. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV235_1_23
Subjects: Carlisle Indian Industrial School; Thorpe, Jim 1887-1953; American Indian athletes--United States--History; American Indian history; Education
Places: Carlisle (Pennsylvania); Cumberland County (Pennsylvania)
 

Description: Dated ca. 1907-1912, this photograph shows a classroom at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. One of the students pictured here is Jim Thorpe, a Sac and Fox Native, who was an American athlete, playing professional football and baseball, and an Olympic track gold medalist. Founded by the United States government in 1879, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School was a boarding school for American Indian peoples. Students were taught common school subjects, such as English, history, and math, and also learned professional trade skills for their careers after school. Many American Indians criticized the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, and other boarding schools for native youths, because the schools forced children to leave their families and abandon their native language and culture. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV235_1_25
Subjects: Carlisle Indian Industrial School; Thorpe, Jim 1887-1953; American Indian athletes--United States--History; American Indian history; Education
Places: Carlisle (Pennsylvania); Cumberland County (Pennsylvania)
 

Description: This map shows American Indian trails and war roads throughout the southwestern Ohio region, dating from the last decades of the 18th century. Also identified on the map are locations of towns, camps and settlements; millitary forts and stockades; important natural resources; sites of battles during the Ohio Indian Wars; and other points of interest. According to the title, the map was drawn by Morten Carlisle and published in 1930, and was compiled from a map by R. G. Lewis and Walter M. Dawley with the aid of W. H. Burtner and John B. Hunley. The original map has been split into six pieces. The final digital image shows these pieces positioned in their original order. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MAPVFM0434_4_01
Subjects: American Indian history; American Indians--Maps; Ohio History--Settlement and Early Statehood; American Indian tribal leaders; Battlefields;
Places: Southwestern Ohio
 

Description: Illustration of Simon Girty, Ohio Country frontiersman, printed in Volume 6 of the Ohio Archaeological and Historical Publications by the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society. Girty was born in Chambers Mill, Pennsylvania, in 1741. During the French and Indian War, his family sought refuge in Fort Granville, which was captured in 1755 by an army of French soldiers and native Indians. Girty eventually found himself in the hands of the Seneca Indians who took him to the Ohio Country and adopted him. His knowledge of Indian culture and language was highly sought after during the American Revolutionary War as both the British and Americans hoped to secure alliances with various local tribes. Girty first aligned himself with the Americans. However, he was discharged from the American military in 1777 and afterwards offered his help to the British. After the war, Girty continued to aid the Indians of the Ohio Country in resisting further settlement of the Ohio Country, participating in the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794. He eventually moved to Canada, where he died in 1818. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC2697_Girty_001
Subjects: American Revolutionary War, 1775-1783; American Indians in Ohio; Fallen Timbers, Battle of, Ohio, 1794; Forts & fortifications; American Indian history; American Indians--Warfare; American Indians; Ohio History; Ohio History--Settlement and Early Statehood
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Illustration of Simon Girty, Ohio Country frontiersman, from "History of Ohio in Words of One Syllable" by Anne Cole Cady, printed in "An Ohio Portrait" by George W. Knepper. Girty was born in Chambers Mill, Pennsylvania, in 1741. During the French and Indian War, his family sought refuge in Fort Granville, which was captured in 1755 by an army of French soldiers and native Indians. Girty eventually found himself in the hands of the Seneca Indians who took him to the Ohio Country and adopted him. His knowledge of Indian culture and language was highly sought after during the American Revolutionary War as both the British and Americans hoped to secure alliances with various local tribes. Girty first aligned himself with the Americans. However, he was discharged from the American military in 1777 and afterwards offered his help to the British. After the war, Girty continued to aid the Indians of the Ohio Country in resisting further settlement of the Ohio Country, participating in the Ba View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC2697_Girty_002
Subjects: American Revolutionary War, 1775-1783; American Indians in Ohio; Fallen Timbers, Battle of, Ohio, 1794; Forts & fortifications; American Indian history; American Indians--Warfare; American Indians; Ohio History; Ohio History--Settlement and Early Statehood
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Flint scraper is rectangular in shape. It was made from a flake of flint chipped on only one side (unifacial). All edges show signs of use. The underside is flat (the original flake surface) and the upper is slightly rounded. It is mostly gray mottled with grayish brown and pale brown. Item was found at the Stringtown Site in Franklin County, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07431
Subjects: Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio; American Indian history and society; American Indians--Archaeology; Tools
Places: Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This print of unknown date shows an American Indian identified as Soi-En-Ga-Rah-Ta, or "King Hendrick." Soi-En-Ga-Rah-Ta was an Iroquois League chief born around 1677, who became a prominent leader by the early 1700s. He is sometimes referred to as "King of the Mohawk, " and traveled to Great Britain in 1710 as a representative of the Six Nations, comprising the Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca and Tuscarora peoples. He was killed in combat during the French and Indian War in September 1755, and was remembered as a great orator and spirited leader. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: H22160
Subjects: Prints and printmaking; American Indian history and society; Portraits
 

Description: Tribal members demonstrating traditional dance at a powwow held at the Ohio State University, May 9, 1993. Adults and children are seen as attendees look on in this photograph taken for the Columbus Free Press. The Columbus Free Press began as a bi-weekly publication in Columbus, Ohio, in 1970. An underground newspaper, it replaced the Ohio State University publication The People, Yes. The earliest known issue of the newspaper appeared on January 4, 1971. The newspaper underwent a series of name changes over the decades, with titles including the Columbus Free Press & Cowtown Times (1972-1976), the Columbus Freepress (1976-1992) and The Free Press (1992-1995). The paper, which covered many liberal and progressive causes, was an alternative to mainstream news sources in central Ohio with the slogan “The Other Side of the News.” In 1995, the paper ceased publication briefly before reemerging as a website in early 1996, and returning as a print publication under the Free Press title in the form of a quarterly journal in 1998. Published under various frequencies during the first part of the 21st century, the Free Press again became a nonprofit monthly publication in 2017 with both a print and web presence, published by the Columbus Institute for Contemporary Journalism and operated by a volunteer staff and board. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS1301AV_B02F15_04
Subjects: American Indian history and society; Cultural heritage; American Indian art and culture;
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph taken for the Columbus Free Press during an event at the Ohio State Fairgrounds showing a speaker from the group of American Indians who were taking part in "The Longest Walk." Tribal members who participated in the walk spent a week resting at Delaware State Park in Delaware, Ohio, ca. 1978, during which time they shared information about the walk with interested members of the public and demonstrated a variety of ceremonial music traditions. The Longest Walk was an American Indian Movement-led event in support of tribal sovereignty for American Indians and in protest of anti-Indian legislation that was being proposed at the time. The walk covered a 3,200-mile stretch across the United States. The Columbus Free Press began as a bi-weekly publication in Columbus, Ohio, in 1970. An underground newspaper, it replaced the Ohio State University publication The People, Yes. The earliest known issue of the newspaper appeared on January 4, 1971. The newspaper underwent a series of name changes over the decades, with titles including the Columbus Free Press & Cowtown Times (1972-1976), the Columbus Freepress (1976-1992) and The Free Press (1992-1995). The paper, which covered many liberal and progressive causes, was an alternative to mainstream news sources in central Ohio with the slogan “The Other Side of the News.” In 1995, the paper ceased publication briefly before reemerging as a website in early 1996, and returning as a print publication under the Free Press title in the form of a quarterly journal in 1998. Published under various frequencies during the first part of the 21st century, the Free Press again became a nonprofit monthly publication in 2017 with both a print and web presence, published by the Columbus Institute for Contemporary Journalism and operated by a volunteer staff and board. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS1301AV_B02F15_03
Subjects: American Indian history and society; Cultural heritage; American Indian Movement (AIM); Activists
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph taken for the Columbus Free Press during an event at the Ohio State Fairgrounds showing traditional ceremonial music performed by American Indians who were taking part in "The Longest Walk." Tribal members who participated in the walk spent a week resting at Delaware State Park in Delaware, Ohio, ca. 1978, during which time they shared information about the walk with interested members of the public and demonstrated a variety of ceremonial music traditions. The Longest Walk was an American Indian Movement-led event in support of tribal sovereignty for American Indians and in protest of anti-Indian legislation that was being proposed at the time. The walk covered a 3,200-mile stretch across the United States. The Columbus Free Press began as a bi-weekly publication in Columbus, Ohio, in 1970. An underground newspaper, it replaced the Ohio State University publication The People, Yes. The earliest known issue of the newspaper appeared on January 4, 1971. The newspaper underwent a series of name changes over the decades, with titles including the Columbus Free Press & Cowtown Times (1972-1976), the Columbus Freepress (1976-1992) and The Free Press (1992-1995). The paper, which covered many liberal and progressive causes, was an alternative to mainstream news sources in central Ohio with the slogan “The Other Side of the News.” In 1995, the paper ceased publication briefly before reemerging as a website in early 1996, and returning as a print publication under the Free Press title in the form of a quarterly journal in 1998. Published under various frequencies during the first part of the 21st century, the Free Press again became a nonprofit monthly publication in 2017 with both a print and web presence, published by the Columbus Institute for Contemporary Journalism and operated by a volunteer staff and board. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS1301AV_B02F15_02
Subjects: American Indian history and society; Cultural heritage; American Indian Movement (AIM); Activists
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph taken for the Columbus Free Press during an event at the Ohio State Fairgrounds showing traditional ceremonial music performed by American Indians who were passing through Central Ohio while taking part in "The Longest Walk." Tribal members who participated in the walk spent a week resting at Delaware State Park in Delaware, Ohio, ca. 1978, during which time they shared information about the walk with interested members of the public and demonstrated a variety of ceremonial music traditions. The Longest Walk was an American Indian Movement-led event in support of tribal sovereignty for American Indians and in protest of anti-Indian legislation that was being proposed at the time. The walk covered a 3,200-mile stretch across the United States. The Columbus Free Press began as a bi-weekly publication in Columbus, Ohio, in 1970. An underground newspaper, it replaced the Ohio State University publication The People, Yes. The earliest known issue of the newspaper appeared on January 4, 1971. The newspaper underwent a series of name changes over the decades, with titles including the Columbus Free Press & Cowtown Times (1972-1976), the Columbus Freepress (1976-1992) and The Free Press (1992-1995). The paper, which covered many liberal and progressive causes, was an alternative to mainstream news sources in central Ohio with the slogan “The Other Side of the News.” In 1995, the paper ceased publication briefly before reemerging as a website in early 1996, and returning as a print publication under the Free Press title in the form of a quarterly journal in 1998. Published under various frequencies during the first part of the 21st century, the Free Press again became a nonprofit monthly publication in 2017 with both a print and web presence, published by the Columbus Institute for Contemporary Journalism and operated by a volunteer staff and board. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS1301AV_B02F15_01
Subjects: American Indian history and society; Cultural heritage; American Indian Movement (AIM); Musical performances; Drums
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)