Description: This image is a photographic reproduction of an engraved portrait of Manasseh Cutler (1742-1823). The artist portrays Cutler in his mature years: a clean-shaven man with slightly wavy hair and a serene expression. He wears a clergyman's collar with Geneva bands. The engraving includes Cutler's signature and a notation by the engraver: "Eng'd by J. C. [John Chester] Buttre, N.Y." Cutler was a major figure in the settling of Ohio in the years following the American Revolution. Born in Connecticut, he was descended from a long line of clergymen but entered Yale to become an attorney, thus breaking with family tradition. He graduated in 1765 but worked as a schoolteacher and store clerk before becoming an attorney. However, disenchanted by his current life, Cutler eventually pursued the clergy as his career choice. He became the minister of the Congregational Church in Ispwich, Massachusetts, in 1771 and held that post until his death. Although Cutler finally had settled on a career, he still pursued many outside interests. During the American Revolution, he was a committed patriot and served as a chaplain for several military units. The war caused serious economic problems in Massachusetts, and Cutler's parishioners faced great difficulty in paying their minister's salary. To supplement his income, Cutler studied medicine. When a smallpox epidemic struck Massachusetts in 1779, Cutler cared for as many as forty patients at a time. He also studied astronomy and was especially fond of determining the distance between the Earth and certain stars with a telescope and sextant. In a different field of study, he provided the first detailed account of plant life in New England, identifying roughly 350 different species. Because of these scientific endeavors, he was selected as a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He continued with his scientific interests until his death. In 1786, Cutler joined several other Revolutionary War veterans, including Rufus Putnam and Winthrop Sargent, in forming the Ohio Company of Associates. They hoped to secure from the Confederation Congress the right to develop land in the Ohio Country. After company representative Samuel Parsons failed to secure the land grant, Cutler entered negotiations with the Congress on behalf of the Ohio Company. Present while the Congress debated the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, Cutler played a vital role in that document's eventual adoption. Some scholars claim that Cutler was responsible for this document's anti-slavery provisions. He also secured from the Congress the Ohio Company's right to purchase up to 1.5 million acres of land in Ohio for roughly eight cents an acre. In December 1787, Putnam led the first group of settlers to Ohio. In April 1788, where the Muskingum River flows into the Ohio River, the Ohio Company established Marietta. Cutler visited the settlement later that year and actively investigated the area. His primary interest was in earth mounds that he believed had been created centuries earlier by a Native American civilization. He returned to Massachusetts in 1789 and played an active role in Massachusetts's government for the next two decades. In 1795, President George Washington offered him a position as judge in the Northwest Territory, but Cutler refused. He did not return to Ohio after his trip in 1788. He died in Hamilton, Massachusetts, on July 28, 1823. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL07015
Subjects: Cutler, Manasseh, 1742-1823; Clergy; Ohio Company (1786-1795); Portraits; United States. Ordinance of 1787; Northwest Territory--History
 

Description: This portrait identified as Reverend J.C. Warner was taken by traveling photographer Albert J. Ewing, ca. 1896-1912. Like most of Ewing's work, it was likely taken in southeastern Ohio or central West Virginia. Born in 1870 in Washington County, Ohio, near Marietta, Ewing most likely began his photography career in the 1890s. The 1910 US Census and a 1912-1913 directory list him as a photographer. A negative signed "Ewing Brothers" and a picture with his younger brother, Frank, indicate that Frank may have joined the business. After 1916, directories list Albert as a salesman. He died in 1934. The Ewing Collection consists of 5,055 glass plate negatives, each individually housed and numbered. Additionally, the collection includes approximately 450 modern contact prints made from the glass plate negatives. Subjects include infants and young children, elderly people, families, school and religious groups, animals and rural scenes. In 1982, the Ohio Historical Society (now the Ohio History Connection) received the collection, still housed in the original dry plate negative boxes purchased by Ewing. A selection of the original glass plate negatives were exhibited for the first time in 2013 at the Ohio History Center. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV71_B19_F1356
Subjects: Ewing, Albert J. (1870-1934); Photographers--Ohio; Portrait photography--United States--History; Clergy;
Places: Ohio; West Virginia
 

Description: Caption on the front of photo reads: "TRAILER CATHEDRAL OF THE DIOCESE OF SOUTHERN OHIO The Rt. Rev. Henry Wise Hobson, Bishop of Southern Ohio, is shown about to enter the automobile which will transport St. Paul's Wayside Cathedral over his diocese. (Photograph by Paul Briol.)" The side of the trailer reads: "Saint Pauls's Wayside Cathedral Diocese of Southern Ohio." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B10F09_031_001
Subjects: Roman Catholic Church; Religion in Ohio; Churches; Clergy
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Bishop Philander Chase (1775-1852) was an Episcopalian minister who traveled throughout the American frontier establishing numerous parishes. He served as Kenyon College's first president. This image is from the 1909 edition of Henry Howe's "Historical Collections of Ohio." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03944
Subjects: Clergy; Kenyon College; University presidents; Multicultural Ohio--Religion in Ohio
 

Description: Dated to the late 19th-early 20th century, this photograph shows Washington Gladden, a prominent minister, local politician and social reformer in Ohio. In 1882, he became pastor of the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. Under his leadership, this church's congregation grew from 558 members in 1885 to 1,214 members by 1914. Gladden was a firm believer in the social gospel. He believed that all Christians must dedicate themselves to the mission of Jesus Christ, fighting corruption and greed, while doing all in their power to help their fellow neighbors. Many people shared these beliefs and they became known as Progressives, with Gladden being one of the most prominent figures in the movement in Ohio during the late 1800s and the early 1900s. He served on the Columbus City Council from 1900-1902 and remained active in the public sphere after his time as councilman. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS87AVB103F03_01
Subjects: Gladden, Washington, 1836-1918; Clergy; Churches; Portrait photography; Religion in Ohio; Social movements
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Dated 1906, this photograph shows Washington Gladden standing at an altar adorned with flowers and plants, probably that of the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. To either side of him, "1836" and "1906" hang above. Washington was a prominent minister, local politician and social reformer in Ohio. In 1882, he became pastor of the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. Under his leadership, this church's congregation grew from 558 members in 1885 to 1,214 members by 1914. Gladden was a firm believer in the social gospel. He believed that all Christians must dedicate themselves to the mission of Jesus Christ, fighting corruption and greed, while doing all in their power to help their fellow neighbors. Many people shared these beliefs and they became known as Progressives, with Gladden being one of the most prominent figures in the movement in Ohio during the late 1800s and the early 1900s. He served on the Columbus City Council from 1900-1902 and remained active in the public sphere after his time as councilman. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS87AVB103F04_01
Subjects: Gladden, Washington, 1836-1918; Clergy; Churches; Portrait photography; Religion in Ohio; Social movements
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Dated to 1906, this photograph shows Washington Gladden writing at his desk, probably at the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. Gladden was a prominent minister, local politician and social reformer in Ohio. In 1882, he became pastor of the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. Under his leadership, this church's congregation grew from 558 members in 1885 to 1,214 members by 1914. Gladden was a firm believer in the social gospel. He believed that all Christians must dedicate themselves to the mission of Jesus Christ, fighting corruption and greed, while doing all in their power to help their fellow neighbors. Many people shared these beliefs and they became known as Progressives, with Gladden being one of the most prominent figures in the movement in Ohio during the late 1800s and the early 1900s. He served on the Columbus City Council from 1900-1902 and remained active in the public sphere after his time as councilman. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS87AVB103F04_02
Subjects: Gladden, Washington, 1836-1918; Clergy; Portrait photography; Religion in Ohio; Social movements
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Dated to 1906, this photograph shows Washington Gladden standing at the pulpit of the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. Gladden was a prominent minister, local politician and social reformer in Ohio. In 1882, he became pastor of the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. Under his leadership, this church's congregation grew from 558 members in 1885 to 1,214 members by 1914. Gladden was a firm believer in the social gospel. He believed that all Christians must dedicate themselves to the mission of Jesus Christ, fighting corruption and greed, while doing all in their power to help their fellow neighbors. Many people shared these beliefs and they became known as Progressives, with Gladden being one of the most prominent figures in the movenent in Ohio during the late 1800s and the early 1900s. He served on the Columbus City Council from 1900-1902 and remained active in the public sphere after his time as councilman. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS87AVB103F04_03
Subjects: Gladden, Washington, 1836-1918; Clergy; Churches; Portrait photography; Religion in Ohio; Social movements
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Dated to the late 19th-early 20th century, this photograph shows Washington Gladden, a prominent minister, local politician and social reformer in Ohio. In 1882, he became pastor of the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. Under his leadership, this church's congregation grew from 558 members in 1885 to 1,214 members by 1914. Gladden was a firm believer in the social gospel. He believed that all Christians must dedicate themselves to the mission of Jesus Christ, fighting corruption and greed, while doing all in their power to help their fellow neighbors. Many people shared these beliefs and they became known as Progressives, with Gladden being one of the most prominent figures in the movement in Ohio during the late 1800s and the early 1900s. He served on the Columbus City Council from 1900-1902 and remained active in the public sphere after his time as councilman. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS87AVB103F04_04
Subjects: Gladden, Washington, 1836-1918; Clergy; Portrait photography; Religion in Ohio; Social movements
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photographic reproduction of a cartoon produced in the April 9, 1905, issue of the Ohio State Journal shows Washington Gladden brandishing a sword and leading an army of foot soldiers towards an armed building. His soldiers carry a flag which reads "For God and Humanity" and the enemy sails a flag which reads "$$." Gladden was a prominent minister, local politician and social reformer in Ohio. In 1882, he became pastor of the First Congregational Church in Columbus, Ohio. Under his leadership, this church's congregation grew from 558 members in 1885 to 1,214 members by 1914. Gladden was a firm believer in the social gospel. He believed that all Christians must dedicate themselves to the mission of Jesus Christ, fighting corruption and greed, while doing all in their power to help their fellow neighbors. Many people shared these beliefs and they became known as Progressives, with Gladden being one of the movement's most prominent figures in Ohio during the late 1800s and the early 1900s. He served on the Columbus City Council from 1900-1902 and remained active in the public sphere after his time as councilman. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS87AVB103F06_01
Subjects: Gladden, Washington, 1836-1918; Cartoons; Clergy; Religion in Ohio; Social movements
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This engraving depicts a circuit rider on horseback as he crosses a small creek. A circuit rider was a clergyman who travels from church to church, especially in a rural district. The Methodist ministerial role was originated in England by John Wesley. The first of the American circuit riders was Robert Strawbridge, who arrived in the colonies in 1764. A few years later Wesley sent missionaries to the American colonies, but most of them departed when revolution threatened. The name of the rider depicted in this drawing is unknown. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC1098_01
Subjects: Religion in Ohio; Religious services; Clergy; Horses;
 

Description: This photograph shows Edward DuBois Washington, minister in the African Methodist Episcopal Church (A.M.E. Church) and husband to Felma Harper Washington. This photograph is part of the Felma Harper Washington Collection. Felma Harper Washington was a leader, minister, musician, writer and historian in Bellfontaine, Ohio. Born in Bellefontaine in 1903, she traveled the country working with the African Methodist Episcopal Church (A.M.E. Church) and married Reverend Edward Washington. She founded the Harper Memorial Library and the Museum of African-American Historical Research. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: NAM_MSS2034_aaeo_90-18_020
Subjects: African Americans; Clergy; African Methodist Episcopal Church;