Description: Photograph showing excavated graves at Edwin Harness Mound, 1903. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F04_E3_03
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio; Mounds (Burials)
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing a view of Ginther Mound prior to excavation by the crew of Henry Shetrone, July 1922. Ginther Mound, so-named after landowner Mary Ginther, was a small flat-topped mound located along the east bank of the Scioto River about 2 miles upstream from Mound City in Ross County, Ohio. Other nearby mound and earthwork sites included the Cedar Bank Works to the north and the Hopeton Earthworks to the south. In their original survey Squier and Davis describe Ginther Mound as a truncated pyramid or raised square 120 feet on a side. From their cursory fieldwork they noted that Ginther Mound contained no remains but theorized it was constructed as a raised site for a temple. Henry Shetrone’s work there in 1922 confirmed that the mound structure itself contained no archaeological remains but was constructed over an extensive ceremonial floor containing fire places and post patterns. Later analysis of artifacts found on the floor indicate that it was most likely constructed by the Hopewell Culture between 100 B.C. and A.D. 400. As an earthwork form, flat topped mounds are rare in Ohio and are more commonly associated with the later Mississippian Culture (1000-1650 A.D.) of the southeast. Still, prominent and well-preserved examples also dating to the Hopewell Period can be found in Marietta. Lesser forms long since destroyed by development were also noted at Newark and Portsmouth. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F04_E1_07
Subjects: Ginther Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio;
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing flake knives, a stone core and arrow points recovered at Edwin Harness Mound, ca. 1903. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F05_E5_08
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio; Artifacts
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing a shell container recovered at Edwin Harness Mound, ca. 1903. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F05_E4_05
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio; Artifacts
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing shell beads recovered at Edwin Harness Mound, ca. 1903. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F05_E4_06
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio; Artifacts
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing a bone needle, awl and shell beads recovered at Edwin Harness Mound, ca. 1903. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F05_E4_04
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio; Artifacts
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph taken of a field camp at Edwin Harness Mound during excavation, ca. 1906-1908. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F04_E6_05
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio; Mounds (Burials)
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph looking west at Edwin Harness Mound prior to its excavation, 1903-1905. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F04_E5_04
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio; Mounds (Burials)
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph depicts five graves uncovered during an excavation at the Edwin Harness Mound in Ross County, Ohio, ca. 1900-1915. It was taken as a record of the excavation. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00286
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing a field camp at Ginther Mound in July and August 1922, likely during archaeological work being done under Henry Shetrone. Ginther Mound, so-named after landowner Mary Ginther, was a small flat-topped mound located along the east bank of the Scioto River about 2 miles upstream from Mound City in Ross County, Ohio. Other nearby mound and earthwork sites included the Cedar Bank Works to the north and the Hopeton Earthworks to the south. In their original survey Squier and Davis describe Ginther Mound as a truncated pyramid or raised square 120 feet on a side. From their cursory fieldwork they noted that Ginther Mound contained no remains but theorized it was constructed as a raised site for a temple. Henry Shetrone’s work there in 1922 confirmed that the mound structure itself contained no archaeological remains but was constructed over an extensive ceremonial floor containing fire places and post patterns. Later analysis of artifacts found on the floor indicate that it was most likely constructed by the Hopewell Culture between 100 B.C. and A.D. 400. As an earthwork form, flat topped mounds are rare in Ohio and are more commonly associated with the later Mississippian Culture (1000-1650 A.D.) of the southeast. Still, prominent and well-preserved examples also dating to the Hopewell Period can be found in Marietta. Lesser forms long since destroyed by development were also noted at Newark and Portsmouth. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F04_E1_02
Subjects: Ginther Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio;
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing a charred mat remnant recovered at Edwin Harness Mound, ca. 1903. The Edwin Harness Mound was located south of Chillicothe in Liberty Township, Ross County, Ohio. It was the largest of the 14 mounds associated with the nearly 100-acre Liberty Earthworks, a complex dating to late in the Hopewell Period (post-A.D 300). In their 1840s survey, Squier and Davis described the mound as egg-shaped in plan (about 100 x 180 feet) with the larger end toward the north. It was measured at 20 feet high at the north end, sloping to 11 feet at the south end. Like many large Hopewell burial mounds in Ohio, the Harness Mound was repeatedly investigated throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the recovery of numerous burials and the a variety of related artifacts. The last fieldwork at the site took place in the 1970s in advance of the area being reclaimed for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists dug below the base level of the mound and discovered it had been constructed over the remains of two very large conjoined post structures, most likely ceremonial houses or perhaps a single great house. The houses each measured about 30 x 40 feet connected by a 10 x 10 foot passageway, reminiscent of how Hopewell earthworks in general were laid out. Additionally, numerous artifacts diagnostic of the Hopewell culture were recovered and radiocarbon dates ranging between A.D. 330 and A.D. 470 place the Edwin Harness Mound near the extreme end of the Hopewell sequence. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F05_E2_01
Subjects: Edwin Harness Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio; Textiles; Artifacts
Places: Ross County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing a field camp at Ginther Mound in July and August 1922, likely during archaeological work being done under Henry Shetrone. Ginther Mound, so-named after landowner Mary Ginther, was a small flat-topped mound located along the east bank of the Scioto River about 2 miles upstream from Mound City in Ross County, Ohio. Other nearby mound and earthwork sites included the Cedar Bank Works to the north and the Hopeton Earthworks to the south. In their original survey Squier and Davis describe Ginther Mound as a truncated pyramid or raised square 120 feet on a side. From their cursory fieldwork they noted that Ginther Mound contained no remains but theorized it was constructed as a raised site for a temple. Henry Shetrone’s work there in 1922 confirmed that the mound structure itself contained no archaeological remains but was constructed over an extensive ceremonial floor containing fire places and post patterns. Later analysis of artifacts found on the floor indicate that it was most likely constructed by the Hopewell Culture between 100 B.C. and A.D. 400. As an earthwork form, flat topped mounds are rare in Ohio and are more commonly associated with the later Mississippian Culture (1000-1650 A.D.) of the southeast. Still, prominent and well-preserved examples also dating to the Hopewell Period can be found in Marietta. Lesser forms long since destroyed by development were also noted at Newark and Portsmouth. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV17_B02F04_E1_06
Subjects: Ginther Mound (Ohio); Earthworks (Archaeology); Hopewell culture--Ohio; Excavations (Archaeology)--Ohio;
Places: Ross County (Ohio)