Description: The monarch is one of the most common butterflies in Ohio. It is a part of the family Danaidae or milkweed butterflies, and can be found in all of Ohio's eighty-eight counties. The monarch butterfly can generally be found in large fields, roadsides, prairie remnants, and urban yards between May and November. It feeds on several types of milkweed plants. These plants contain poisons known as cardiac glycosides, which cause vomiting in birds. As a result, once a bird eats a monarch, it will remember the experience and rarely try another. Therefore, monarch butterflies enjoy a certain amount of protection from their predators. Another butterfly, the viceroy, mimics the coloring of the monarch for the same reason. Though the viceroy does not eat the same plants, it has the same coloring, and birds tend not to eat the viceroy because they mistake it for the monarch. These butterflies have a wing span of 3.4 to 4.9 inches (8.6 to 12.4 cm). The first image is of a female of the species; the second is a male. In Ohio there are more than 150 species of butterflies. Twenty-seven different species of butterflies representing five families can be found in the Ohio Memory Online Scrapbook, including all seven species of butterflies that are listed as endangered in Ohio. Butterflies are a part of the order Lepidoptera (from the Greek words lepis, which means scale and pteron, which means wing). There are nearly 17,500 species of butterflies world-wide. Approximately 750 of these can be found in North America. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1360_1156853_001
Subjects: Plants and Animals; Butterflies; Monarch butterfly; Insects; Milkweed butterflies
Places: Ohio
 

Description: This is a photograph depicting a young boy posed by potted plants and cactus. This photograph was taken by traveling photographer Albert J. Ewing, ca. 1896-1912. Like most of Ewing's work, it was likely taken in southeastern Ohio or central West Virginia. Born in 1870 in Washington County, Ohio, near Marietta, Ewing most likely began his photography career in the 1890s. The 1910 US Census and a 1912-1913 directory list him as a photographer. A negative signed “Ewing Brothers” and a picture with his younger brother, Frank, indicate that Frank may have joined the business. After 1916, directories list Albert as a salesman. He died in 1934. The Ewing Collection consists of 5,055 glass plate negatives, each individually housed and numbered. Additionally, the collection includes approximately 450 modern contact prints made from the glass plate negatives. Subjects include infants and young children, elderly people, families, school and religious groups, animals and rural scenes. In 1982, the Ohio Historical Society received the collection, still housed in the original dry plate negative boxes purchased by Albert J. Ewing. A selection of the original glass plate negatives were exhibited for the first time in 2013 at the Ohio Historical Center. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06335
Subjects: Ewing, Albert J. (1870-1934); Children; Portrait photography--United States--History; Plants and Animals
Places: Ohio; West Virginia
 

Description: The viceroy butterfly is commonly found in all of Ohio's eighty-eight counties. It lives in moist, open habitats, often near small willow trees. It is a member of the Nymphalidae (brushfooted) family, and can usually be seen between April and October, peaking between July and August. It is also an excellent example of a species that mimics another for defensive reasons. The viceroy butterfly looks very similar to the monarch butterfly, which eats plants that contain poisons known as cardiac glycosides and cause vomiting in birds. As a result, birds will not eat monarch butterflies. Though the viceroy does not eat the same plants, birds tend not to eat the viceroy because they mistake it for the monarch. This viceroy has a wingspan of 2.3 to 3.3 inches (5.9 to 8.4 cm). In Ohio there are more than 150 species of butterflies. Twenty-seven different species of butterflies representing five families can be found in the Ohio Memory Online Scrapbook, including all seven species of butterflies that are listed as endangered in Ohio. Butterflies are a part of the order Lepidoptera (from the Greek words lepis, which means scale and pteron, which means wing). There are nearly 17,500 species of butterflies world-wide. Approximately 750 of these can be found in North America. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1360_1156938_019
Subjects: Plants and Animals; Butterflies; Viceroy butterfly; Insects; Nymphalidae
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Sixteen photographs document the home of Cleveland iron-ore magnate William Gwinn Mather. In 1905, Mather consulted two nationally renowned landscape architects, Warren H. Manning (1860-1938) and Charles A. Platt (1861-1933), about plans for a new estate. Manning was a legendary plantsman and a park- and city-planning specialist who had worked for Mather on several northern Michigan mine projects while employed by Frederick Law Olmsted. Platt was a young artist-turned-architect widely praised for adapting Italian principles to American soil. Each encouraged Mather to purchase a five-acre parcel east of the city directly on Lake Erie, anticipating that the ever-changing lake panorama would give the garden landscape great distinction. Platt accepted Mather's commission with the provision that he design both the new house and landscape; Manning, disappointedly, agreed to serve as "planting adviser" on the project. The diverse partners began their work in 1906. Platt, a champion of formality, recommended symmetry and classical ornament, while Manning, a proponent of an emerging "American style," favored irregular groupings of mostly indigenous plants. Their unintended collaboration at Gwinn led to an exceptionally strong and varied design. The photographs were taken by Ihna Thayer Frary. The Ihna Thayer Frary Audiovisual Collection was given to the Ohio Historical Society by Mr. Frary in two sections. One was in March of 1963 and the remainder in May of 1965 by his sons, Dr. Spencer G. and Allen T. Frary following their father's death. I.T. Frary (1873-1965) was the publicity and membership secretary for the Museum of Art in Cleveland, Ohio. He taught for many years at the Cleveland Institute of Art and Western Reserve University's School of Architecture. He did much research of Ohio and American architecture and was the author of seven major works and numerous scholarly articles on architectural and art history. One of his major works was Early Homes of Ohio published in 1936. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3348_6642969_002
Subjects: Architecture; Arts and Entertainment; Plants and Animals; Mather, William Gwinn (1857-1951); Gwinn Estate Gardens
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: The snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina, is found in lakes and ponds with muddy bottoms throughout most of Ohio. Snapping turtles spend most of their time buried in the mud underwater and are seldom seen. They eat water plants, worms, and small mammals, and live twenty to forty years. It is the largest turtle in Ohio, measuring up to 18.5 inches and weighing up to 35 pounds. The snapping turtle is aggressive and is named for its powerful jaws. These two photographs measure 3" x 3" (7.62 x 7.62 cm). View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3160_3806547_001
Subjects: Plants and Animals; Turtles; Reptiles; Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio
Places: Ohio
 

Description: The buckeye butterfly is commonly found throughout Ohio. It migrates generally from the far South of the U.S. and as far north as Minnesota, Michigan, and Maine. It prefers open areas without many plants and where the soil is exposed such, as vacant fields and lots and areas around rivers or streams. It is a member of the Nymphalidae (brushfooted) family and can be found in Ohio between July and October. This species has a wingspan of 1.6 to 2.25 inches (4.1 to 5.7 cm). In Ohio there are more than 150 species of butterflies. Twenty-seven different species of butterflies representing five families can be found in the Ohio Memory Online Scrapbook, including all seven species of butterflies that are listed as endangered in Ohio. Butterflies are a part of the order Lepidoptera (from the Greek words lepis, which means scale and pteron, which means wing). There are nearly 17,500 species of butterflies world-wide. Approximately 750 of these can be found in North America. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1360_1156396_023
Subjects: Plants and Animals; Butterflies; Insects; Nymphalidae
Places: Ohio
 

Description: This photograph, taken at Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Indiana Harbor works coke plant, depicts a pile of coal to the right of the image and a coal bridge in the center. Coke plants produce coke from coal so that it can be used as a fuel in a blast furnace. Blast furnaces are used to smelt iron ore with coke to produce pig iron. This is the first step of steel production that occurs at mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0140_B04F67_016
Subjects: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company. Indiana Harbor works; Steel industry; Coke plants
Places: East Chicago (Indiana)
 

Description: This photograph, take at Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Indiana Harbor works coke plant, depicts a tall building surrounded by several large tanks and single-story mill buildings. Coke plants produce coke from coal so that it can be used as a fuel in a blast furnace. Blast furnaces are used to smelt iron ore with coke to produce pig iron. This is the first step of steel production that occurs at mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0140_B04F67_014
Subjects: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company. Indiana Harbor works; Steel industry; Coke plants
Places: East Chicago (Indiana)
 

Description: This photograph, taken at Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Indiana Harbor works coke plant, depicts smokestacks, Youngstown Sheet and Tube railroad cars, and a Steel & Tube Company of America railroad car. Coke plants produce coke from coal so that it can be used as a fuel in a blast furnace. Blast furnaces are used to smelt iron ore with coke to produce pig iron. This is the first step of steel production that occurs at mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0140_B04F67_009
Subjects: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company. Indiana Harbor works; Steel industry; Coke plants; Railroad cars
Places: East Chicago (Indiana)
 

Description: A steel worker is pictured walking along a railroad track in this photograph taken at Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Indiana Harbor works coke plant. Coke plants produce coke from coal so that it can be used as a fuel in a blast furnace. Blast furnaces are used to smelt iron ore with coke to produce pig iron. This is the first step of steel production that occurs at mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0140_B04F67_003
Subjects: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company. Indiana Harbor works; Steel industry; Coke plants; Steel workers
Places: East Chicago (Indiana)
 

Description: This photograph, taken at Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Indiana Harbor works coke plant, depicts a two-story building that may be an office or other administrative center. Coke plants produce coke from coal so that it can be used as a fuel in a blast furnace. Blast furnaces are used to smelt iron ore with coke to produce pig iron. This is the first step of steel production that occurs at mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0140_B04F68_004
Subjects: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company; Steel industry; Coke plants
Places: East Chicago (Indiana)
 

Description: This photograph, taken at Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Indiana Harbor works coke plant, depicts two steelworkers moving a cart in the foreground and elevators and a tall building in the background. Coke plants produce coke from coal so that it can be used as a fuel in a blast furnace. Blast furnaces are used to smelt iron ore with coke to produce pig iron. This is the first step of steel production that occurs at mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0140_B04F67_013
Subjects: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company. Indiana Harbor works; Steel industry; Coke plants; Steel workers
Places: East Chicago (Indiana)