Description: Dated ca. 1910, this photograph shows Indian Mill in Upper Sandusky, Ohio, with three people standing by a boats docked along the water. After the War of 1812, members of the Wyandotte Tribe and a group of African Americans, comprised of both free and freedom seekers, settled near modern day Upper Sandusky, Ohio. Because these two communities lived close to each other and worked together, many of the Wyandottes accepted Christianity and adopted the customs of their African American neighbors, which resulted in limited perks from the federal government, including money to build a mill. In 1820, a flour mill and sawmill were both constructed on the banks of the Sandusky River which allowed the Wyandottes and African Americans in the area to process their harvests and turn logs into timber to build their homes. However, under pressure from many white settlers who lived in the area surrounding the Wyandotte reservation, the federal government decided to permanently move the Wyandottes out of Ohio. Several years later, the last of the Wyandottes left the area. The mills fell into disrepair and were abandoned. In 1861, the flour mill was rebuilt on the present site by Lewis Rummel, who used three water-powered turbines made by The James Leffel & Co. of Springfield, Ohio, in his new mill. The mill has been owned by various people over the years and was purchased by the Ohio History Connection in 1968. Indian Mill is managed locally by the Wyandot County Archaeological & Historical Socie View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05389
Subjects: Mills and mill-work -- Ohio; Wyandot Indians -- History; African American Ohioans; Historical Museums -- Ohio
Places: Upper Sandusky (Ohio); Wyandot County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph from the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus is of 24-year-old Barney Kenneth Davis. His formal attire suggests that the photograph was taken during his trial or sentencing. Davis, convicted of murdering a Cleveland Heights police officer, was the 273rd individual to be executed via the electric chair in Ohio. The caption at the bottom reads: “No. 273 Barney Kenneth Davis of Cuyahoga County, Legally Electrocuted June 23, 1949 for the Murder of Norman C. Reker.” In 1885 the Ohio Penitentiary in Columbus, Ohio, became the location for all executions, which previously took place in the various county seats. In 1896 the Ohio General Assembly mandated that electrocution replace hanging as the form of capital punishment. The Ohio Penitentiary regularly offered tours as well as souvenir photographs and postcards of the building and prisoners on death row. A total of 315 prisoners, both men and women, were executed in the electric chair known as “Old Sparky” between 1897 and 1963. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL08325
Subjects: Ohio History--State and Local Government--Law; Capital punishment; Death row; Electrocution; Ohio History--State and Local Government--Corrections; Ohio Penitentiary (Columbus, Ohio); Prisons--Ohio
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio); Cleveland Heights (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Booklet of illustrated rhymes drawn by cartoonist Frederick B. Opper and published by William Randolph Hearst, 1902. These satirical cartoons and rhymes criticized corporate trusts, or monopolies, which were often used by large companies to consolidate power and crush competition. Because of their association with anti-competitive practices, trusts were a politicized issue beginning in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Several presidents are associated with "trust-busting," including William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt. Frederick Opper was a well-known American newspaper cartoonist for more than sixty years. He was born on January 2, 1857, in Madison, Ohio, the son of Austrian immigrants. At the age of fourteen, Opper began drawing cartoons for the Madison Gazette, and in 1877, he accepted a position as staff artist with a magazine called Wild Oats. He spent several years at Wild Oats while also doing freelance work for several other magazines and newspapers. He then spent eighteen years working for Puck Magazine before becoming a cartoonist on the staff of the New York Evening Journal. He was one of the United States' leading cartoonists in the late 1800s and the early 1900s, and created memorable cartoon characters including "Alphonse and Gaston," "Maud, the Kicking Mule," and "Happy Hooligan," his best-known cartoon series. Opper continued to draw until 1932, when vision problems forced him to retire. He died on August 28, 1937. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: PABox683_10_001
Subjects: Opper, Frederick Burr, 1857-1937; Hearst, William Randolph, 1863-1951; Cartoons; Editorial cartoons; Industrialists--Ohio; Ohio Economy--Economy--Business;
Places: Madison (Ohio); Lake County (Ohio)
 

Description: The photograph shows three young women in white sitting on a rail fence. Harry Kinley's future wife, Abbie Lowry, sits on the left, and Edna Hale sits on the right of an unidentified young woman. Harry Kinley and Abbie Lowry were married in 1911. Photograph by Harry Evan Kinley (1882-1969), a native of Upper Sandusky, Ohio. Kinley was active in local events and organizations, and spent his professional career as a clerk at his father's store, and later as a traveling salesman for the Marion Paper & Supply Company (1934-1962). Kinley was also an avid lifelong photographer, and the bulk of the Harry Kinley Collection is comprised of glass plate negatives documenting the Kinley family, the city of Upper Sandusky and Wyandot County and surrounding areas. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV30_B03F02_26
Subjects: Portrait photography; Women--Ohio; Clothing and dress
Places: Upper Sandusky (Ohio); Wyandot County (Ohio);
 

Description: This photograph is part of a series of photographs taken by the Ohio Department of Agriculture documenting farms in Ohio. This photograph shows barns on the Buchanan farm owned by J.L. Buchanan near Sherrodsville, Ohio. Buchanan's farm spanned 200 acres where he raised a herd of Jersey dairy cattle and horses. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA726AV_B01F11_001_1
Subjects: Agriculture; Barns; Rural Life
Places: Sherrodsville (Ohio); Carroll County (Ohio);
 

Description: Two photographs document the reconstructed Fort Recovery in Mercer County. Fort Recovery was built on the site of General Arthur St. Clair's defeat in 1791. General "Mad" Anthony Wayne ordered the fort to be constructed in December 1793 to use as a staging area for his campaign against the regions American Indians who were defending their lands against encroaching white settlement. In spring 1794, a group made up of members of the Shawnee, Delaware, Ottawa, Miami, and Ojibwe Tribes attacked a supply wagon near the fort. Wayne's troops defeated the American Indians, setting the stage for a final victory against three months later at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3102_3737108_002
Subjects: Military Ohio; American Indians; Fortification
Places: Fort Recovery (Ohio); Mercer County (Ohio)
 

Description: Members of NARAL (the National Abortion Rights Action League) carry a large banner reading "NARAL Columbus supports your right to choose" in Columbus, Ohio. This photograph was taken by a photographer for publication in the Columbus Free Press newspaper. The Columbus Free Press began as a bi-weekly publication in Columbus, Ohio, in 1970. An underground newspaper, it replaced the Ohio State University publication The People, Yes. The earliest known issue of the newspaper appeared on January 4, 1971. The newspaper underwent a series of name changes over the decades, with titles including the Columbus Free Press & Cowtown Times (1972-1976), the Columbus Freepress (1976-1992) and The Free Press (1992-1995). The paper, which covered many liberal and progressive causes, was an alternative to mainstream news sources in central Ohio with the slogan “The Other Side of the News.” In 1995, the paper ceased publication briefly before reemerging as a website in early 1996, and returning as a print publication under the Free Press title in the form of a quarterly journal in 1998. Published under various frequencies during the first part of the 21st century, the Free Press again became a nonprofit monthly publication in 2017 with both a print and web presence, published by the Columbus Institute for Contemporary Journalism and operated by a volunteer staff and board. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS1301AV_B04F11_09
Subjects: Protests and protestors; Social issues; Medical care; Human rights;
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This carte de visite is a seated portrait of Ellen Mary Marcy McClellan, wife of Major General George B. McClellan. Ellen, the daughter of Brigadier General Randolph B. Marcy, was born in 1836. She married Major General McClellan in New York City's Calvary Church on May 22, 1860. The couple had two children: George, Jr. (1865 – 1940), known as Max, and Mary (1861 – 1945), known as May. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC3535_E2_03
Subjects: McClellan, George Brinton, 1826-1885--Family; McClellan, Ellen Marcy, 1838-1907; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Men and women marching with signs that read "March for Decent Welfare" and other slogans promoting public assistance, ca. 1965-1975. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00142
Subjects: Columbus (Ohio); Ohio History--State and Local Government--Social Welfare
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: A photograph of an employee of the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company in Columbus, Ohio, posing beside a mine ventilation fan manufactured by the company. The Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, also known as the Jeffrey Mining Corporate Center, was established in 1876 as the Lechner Mining Machine Company in Columbus, Ohio by Joseph Jeffrey and Francis Lechner. The company was the number one manufacturer of coal mining machinery worldwide until the mid-twentieth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00927
Subjects: Mining machinery; Coal mines and mining; Inventions; Manufacturing industries--Ohio; Inventors--Ohio; Ohio Economy--Economy--Labor
Places: Columbus (Ohio)
 

Description: Advertising card for Star Soap, a brand of soap made by Shcultz & Co. in Zanesville, Ohio, ca. 1890. A color lithograph of Santa Claus bent over two sleeping children is on the front of the card, while product information is on the back. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL01705
Subjects: Zanesville (Ohio); Popular culture
 

Description: Dated September 19, 1936, this photograph shows women sewing and quilting as part of the Butler County Emergency School sewing and quilting project. Butler County Emergency School was a Works Progress Administration program at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. The photograph's caption reads "Butler Count Emergency Schools. Elm St., Oxford, Ohio. Sewing and Quilting, Mrs. Viola Smith, Teacher." The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was a government office that hired unemployed Americans to work on various government projects from April 8, 1935 to June 30, 1943. In the first six months that the WPA existed, more than 173, 000 Ohioans, including both men and women, found employment through this program. More than 1, 500 unemployed teachers in Ohio found work through the WPA teaching illiterate adults how to read. In twelve separate counties, primarily in southeastern Ohio, more than twenty-five percent of families had at least one member working for the WPA during the late 1930s. By the end of 1938, these various workers had built or improved 12, 300 miles of roads and streets and constructed 636 public buildings, several hundred bridges, hundreds of athletic fields, and five fish hatcheries. WPA employees made improvements to thousands of more buildings, roads, and parks within Ohio. WPA artists also painted a number of murals in Ohio post offices. This photograph is one of the many visual materials collected for use in the Ohio Guide. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration by executive order to create jobs for the large numbers of unemployed laborers, as well as artists, musicians, actors, and writers. The Federal Arts Program, a sector of the Works Progress Administration, included the Federal Writers’ Project, one of the primary goals of which was to complete the America Guide series, a series of guidebooks for each state which included state history, art, architecture, music, literature, and points of interest to the major cities and tours throughout the state. Work on the Ohio Guide began in 1935 with the publication of several pamphlets and brochures. The Reorganization Act of 1939 consolidated the Works Progress Administration and other agencies into the Federal Works Administration, and the Federal Writers’ Project became the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio. The final product was published in 1940 and went through several editions. The Ohio Guide Collection consists of 4,769 photographs collected for use in Ohio Guide and other publications of the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio from 1935-1939. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B02F04_002_1
Subjects: Quilts; Crocheting; African Americans; Schools--Ohio; Works Progress Administration
Places: Oxford (Ohio); Butler County (Ohio)