Description: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat in East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, 1918. The company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. The company sold this complex, as well as three others, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05501
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reinforced concrete rental housing of Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat in East Youngstown (Campbell) Ohio, 1918. The company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. The company sold this complex, as well as three others, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05502
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reinforced concrete rental housing of Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat in East Youngstown (Campbell) Ohio, 1918. This subdivision was named after Silas Blackburn, the man who owned the property until his death in 1913. The company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. The company sold this complex, as well as three others, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05506
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat, 1918. Located in East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, Blackburn Plat was created for foreign-born and American-born employees of the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, but was divided into two sections, one section for white, "foreign-born workers," and the other for the African American workers. The company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. The company sold this complex, as well as three others, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05507
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat, East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, 1918. The company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. The company sold this complex, as well as three others, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05508
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat, East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, 1918. The company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. Rent at Blackburn Plat was based on the number of rooms, and whether or not the home contained a coal fired cook stove. A tenant could also rent a garage for an additional fee per month. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. The company sold this complex, as well as three others, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05509
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat, East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, 1918. TThe company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. hese rental units were constructed to be fire and vermin proof. The exterior concrete walls were three inches thick with four-inch ribs, all built in uniform size, prefabricated and poured on site. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. The company sold this complex, as well as three others, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05510
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat, East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, 1918. This subdivision was named after Silas Blackburn, the man who owned the property until his death in 1913. The company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. These units were occupied by southern and eastern European workers. There were amenities provided to the workers including a park, playground, and four company stores. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. The company sold this complex, as well as three others, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05511
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Blackburn Plat, East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, ca. 1919. This subdivision was named after Silas Blackburn, the man who owned the property until his death in 1913. The company constructed this housing for mill workers and their families following a strike in the early 20th century, and deliberately made the houses small to discourage the immigrant practice of taking in boarders. These apartments were rented at $15, $18, and $20 per month with water furnished, which constituted about a quarter of the average laborer's wage. By around 1920, well over 200 homes made up Blackburn Plat. These units were occupied by southern and eastern European workers. There were amenities provided to the workers including a park, playground, and four company stores. The small units of Blackburn Plat were designed to be comfortable homes for low rent. A convenient feature of these homes were showers contained in the basement in order for the worker to clean up after a hard day's work at Youngstown Sheet and Tube. The company sold this complex, as well as three others like it, in the 1940s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05512
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Architecture and Engineering; Mills and mill-work--Ohio; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Prefabricated houses
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: This image depicts the last high school class at Penhale High in East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, 1925. Located above Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, the school was constructed in 1919 during a prolonged steel strike and many idle steelworkers assisted in its construction. Originally serving as Mahoning County's first junior high school, Penhale was converted to a junior-senior high school in 1922. In September 1925, a new high school opened in East Youngstown and Penhale became an elementary school. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05570
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Cultural Ohio--Education; Students--Ohio; School photography; Schools--Ohio;
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: A view of Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Campbell Works, in East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio, ca. 1920-1929. Named after company founder James Campbell, the Campbell Works was Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's first steel mill and was also its largest, stretching for four and a half miles along the banks of the Mahoning River. The Campbell Works would lead Youngstown Sheet and Tube into becoming the third largest steel manufacturer in the United States, and insured that James Campbell's contribution to the company would be remembered. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05572
Subjects: Campbell (Ohio); Ohio Economy--Economy--Business; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History;
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Elevated view of the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Campbell Works in East Youngstown (Campbell), Ohio. The four tallest structures are Campbell's blast furnaces, which were constructed between 1907 and 1913. Raw materials are added at the top of the stack. The bulk of the furnace is the bosh, which resembles an upside-done cone. The bottom of the furnace, or hearth, is hidden in this ca. 1930-1939 photograph. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05595
Subjects: Ohio Economy--Economy--Business; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Blast furnaces--Ohio; Factories
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)