Description: Five photographs show law enforcement officers involved with activities at the Republic Steel Corporation's Warren Plant during the 1937 ""Little Steel"" Strike. The first is an image of the mill police off duty on June 20. Taken June 21, the second photograph shows the city police, who told the photographer to ""Keep that camera pointed inside if you want protection from us."" The third and fourth images shows the railroad police at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad gate on June 23. Railroad police are also shown in the last image, taken on June 28. These 4.5"" by 6.5"" (11.43 by 16.5 cm) photographs are part of a scrapbook maintained by the Republic Steel Corporation documenting events at its Warren Plant during the strike. The scrapbook is labeled Miscellaneous Communications, Posters and Pictures Relating to the C.I.O. Strike of the Warren Plant of the Republic Steel Corporation, Summer 1937, Vol. III. In June 1936 the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers and the Committee for Industrial Organization (C.I.O.) agreed to a joint effort to organize the steel industry. This led to the formation of the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (S.W.O.C.). Soon after the first representatives from the S.W.O.C. arrived in the Mahoning Valley to begin their organizing efforts. On March 26, 1937 the organizing committee signed a contract with U.S. Steel, the nation's largest steel producer. Six weeks later the second largest steel company in the country, Jones & Laughlin, followed the example of U.S. Steel. Following these victories the S.W.O.C. increased its efforts at reaching agreements with the smaller companies known as the ""Little Steel"" companies: Republic Steel, Inland Steel, and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Talks between the organizing committee and the steel companies broke down and on May 26, 1937 approximately 25,000 Mahoning Valley steelworkers walked off their jobs from Republic Steel and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Most of the mills shut down with the start of the strike. However, Republic Steel kept their Warren and Niles plants open using non-striking steelworkers. This led to a number of violent confrontations outside the mills. With no end to the strike in sight, Youngstown Sheet and Tube and Republic Steel announced on June 21 that the mills will be re-opened for those workers wanted to return to work. Fearing the violence that would follow attempts to re-open the plants, Ohio Governor Martin Davey ordered National Guard troops to the Mahoning Valley and on June 22 nearly 2,000 National Guardsmen arrived in Youngstown and Warren. The arrival of the National Guard signaled the beginning of the end of the strike. On June 25 striking steelworkers began returning to work under the protection of the National Guard. The steel companies also began hiring new workers to replace those who remained on strike. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1619_2586914_042
Subjects: Business and Labor; Strikes; Steel industry; Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.); Labor unions; Police; Law enforcement officers
Places: Niles (Ohio); Warren (Ohio); Trumbull County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph taken for the Columbus Citizen-Journal newspaper and identified on the reverse as a radar speed car in downtown Columbus, Ohio. Visible in the background of the photograph is a large parking lot and the Tracy-Wells Company Building. This Chevrolet automobile features a vehicle-mounted device used by law enforcement to measure the speed of surrounding objects and detect speeders in traffic. The technology, which uses Doppler radar, was developed during World War II, and by the late 1940s was being put into use by law enforcement and in traffic surveys around the country. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: P339_B03F05_10_01
Subjects: Law enforcement; Automobiles; Automotive technology; Traffic;
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph is an oval portrait of William George of Muskingum County, who was executed by hanging on May 17, 1888, at the Ohio Penitentiary Annex. He was convicted of murdering an elderly farmer, James Scott, in Zanesville, Ohio, on July 18, 1887. Text on the photograph's enclosure reads: "No. 5, William George / of Muskingum County, Legally Executed May / 17, 1888, for Murder at Zanesville, Ohio." In Ohio, local law enforcement officers were responsible for conducting executions. In 1885, however, the Ohio State Penitentiary, located in Columbus, became the sole site of executions. At first, prisoners condemned to death were executed by hanging, but in 1897 the electric chair replaced the prison's gallows. A total of 315 prisoners, both men and women, were electrocuted between 1897 and 1963, when the death penalty was halted in Ohio. William George was the fifth person to be executed at the penitentiary. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL08030
Subjects: Ohio Penitentiary (Columbus, Ohio); Capital punishment--Ohio--History; Crime; Homicide; Law enforcement
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing the 3rd Precinct of the Cleveland Police Department, ca. 1878, from the collection of Louis Baus. Baus, a native of Cleveland, Ohio, was born in 1875. He began his career as a professional photographer doing studio work before becoming a staff photographer for the Cleveland Advocate in 1911. Baus worked for the paper, which was later purchased by the Cleveland Plain Dealer, for thirty-eight years until his death in 1949. He was also an avid collector of historic photographs. The Louis Baus Collection consists of over one thousand photographs mounted in eleven albums, showing historic Cleveland, the village of Zoar and Ohio covered bridges and mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: P223_B01_A03_275
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio); Police officers; Law enforcement; Ohio History--State and Local Government--Law;
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Two black men being removed from an Austin-Healey 3000 sports car by a Cincinnati, Ohio, police officer. Rioting erupted in the Avondale section of Cincinnati, Ohio, on April 8, 1968, five days after the assassination of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The rioting was touched off by an accidental shooting. A man, James Smith, armed with a shotgun, was trying to protect his property from looters. A person approached Smith, grabbed the barrel of the shotgun, causing the gun to accidentally fire, killing Smith's wife. A rumor spread that "a white policeman had killed a colored woman," according to the Cincinnati Enquirer, April 9, 1968. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV3_B16F28_01
Subjects: Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Riot control; Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights; Law enforcement; Police officers;
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: The driver of a Columbus Police Department tow truck smiles for the camera along High Street in downtown Columbus, Ohio. In the background, a pedestrian passes underneath the sign advertising Anderson Law Books, located at 344 South High Street. The High Street Photograph Collection is comprised of over 400 photographs of High Street in Columbus, Ohio, taken in the early 1970s. These photographs were taken primarily at street level and document people and the built environment from the Pontifical College Josephinum on North High Street in Worthington through Clintonville, the University District and Short North, Downtown and South Columbus. The photographs were used in a television photo documentary that aired on WOSU called "High Street." Photographers that were involved in this project were Alfred Clarke, Carol Hibbs Kight, Darrell Muething, Clayton K. Lowe, and Julius Foris, Jr. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV254_B07F186_01
Subjects: Columbus (Ohio)--History--20th century; Street photography; Downtowns; Law enforcement; Employees;
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: A protestor wearing a jacket that identifies him as a member of S.H.A.R.P. (Skin Heads Against Racial Prejudice) is escorted by police office while wearing plastic handcuffs, during an unidentified protest in Columbus, Ohio. This photograph was taken for publication in the Columbus Free Press newspaper. The Columbus Free Press began as a bi-weekly publication in Columbus, Ohio, in 1970. An underground newspaper, it replaced the Ohio State University publication The People, Yes. The earliest known issue of the newspaper appeared on January 4, 1971. The newspaper underwent a series of name changes over the decades, with titles including the Columbus Free Press & Cowtown Times (1972-1976), the Columbus Freepress (1976-1992) and The Free Press (1992-1995). The paper, which covered many liberal and progressive causes, was an alternative to mainstream news sources in central Ohio with the slogan “The Other Side of the News.” In 1995, the paper ceased publication briefly before reemerging as a website in early 1996, and returning as a print publication under the Free Press title in the form of a quarterly journal in 1998. Published under various frequencies during the first part of the 21st century, the Free Press again became a nonprofit monthly publication in 2017 with both a print and web presence, published by the Columbus Institute for Contemporary Journalism and operated by a volunteer staff and board. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS1301AV_B04F07_03
Subjects: Protests and protestors; Demonstrations; Activism; Civil rights; Law enforcement;
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: The stone monument and signage captured in this image highlight one of Ohio’s more colorful law-enforcement organizations, the Bentonville Anti-Horse Thief Society. The monument consists of a stone base and shaft with a peaked top. The sign’s text reads: “1853 – 1961 / Bentonville Anti-Horse Thief Society of Adams County.” (It also includes a list of officers and trustees.) Above the sign is a bracketed on the top by the profile image of a horse and on the bottom by a single horseshoe. During the nineteenth century, Ohioans relied on horses and mules for transportation and for farming. The theft of these valuable animals, a serious offense, was relatively common. To help protect their animals and prosecute thieves, residents of Bentonville, Ohio, formed the Bentonville Anti-Horse Thief Society, a vigilante group, in March 1853. Initially a designated group of members would ride in pursuit of suspected horse thieves and the stolen animals. If captured, the offenders were hung without a trial. The Society provided the captors with a ten-dollar reward, which they split among themselves. The Bentonville Anti-Horse Thief Society is the oldest continuously operating group dedicated to preventing the stealing of horses As horses lost their former importance in society in the early 1900s, the organization evolved into a social club. Its annual banquet, held each April, celebrates the continuity of this Adams County tradition. Thousands of people belong to the group, including people from across the U.S. Membership is open to everyone, and people can become a lifetime member of the Society by simply paying a one-time fee of a dollar. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06962
Subjects: Adams County (Ohio); Horses; Societies and clubs; Vigilantes; Crime; Law enforcement
Places: Bentonville (Ohio); Adams County (Ohio)
 

Description: Police Officer Margaret Stiver at front desk, Columbus, Ohio, 1953. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00134
Subjects: Columbus (Ohio); Police Officers; Women--Employment; Law enforcement
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of William A. Jackson, a patrolman born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1860, who was appointed to the Lima (Ohio) Police Department in 1891. The first first African American officer appointed to the police force in Lima, Jackson retired in 1895 and reappointed in 1898. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 352_2L626h_Jackson
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Lima (Ohio); Allen County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Aytch Miller, a residential patrolman who was appointed to the Columbus Police Department on December 17, 1907. The first African American officer appointed to the Columbus Police Department is reported to be Nelson Tate, ca. 1890. The city had its first African American chief of police, James G. Jackson, named in 1990. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 363_20977157H629c_Miller
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Thomas H. Lonesome, a patrolman born in Virginia on April 14, 1866, who was appointed to the Youngstown (Ohio) Police Department on December 12, 1895. Lonesome and his fellow patrolman Charles Williams were among the earliest African Americans to join the police force in Youngstown in the 1890s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 352_2771391_Y87h_Lonesome
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)