Description: Table Rock is located on the northeast peninsula of Kelley’s Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Table Rock is an excellent example, having been separated from the mainland from wave erosion. Standing on a single pedestal, it has undermined to such an extent that is almost ready to topple over. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus Limestone. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_003_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Formations (Geology)--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); Historic sites--Ohio--Kelleys Island--Pictorial works; National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph is most likely of portion of shoreline at Kelley's Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus Limestone. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_029_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Erie, Geology--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph is most likely of portion of shoreline at Kelley's Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus Limestone. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_033_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Erie, Geology--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph is most likely of portion of shoreline at Kelley's Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus Limestone. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_038_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Erie, Geology--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph most likely shows a cobblestone beach on Kelley's Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Beaches covered with limestone cobbles of every size can be found mainly along the southeastern shores. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_049_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Erie, Geology--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph is mostly likely of a portion of cobblestone beach on Kelley's Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Beaches covered with limestone cobbles of every size can be found mainly along the southeastern shores. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_009_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Erie, Geology--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph is most likely of portion of shoreline at Kelley's Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus Limestone. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_011_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Erie, Geology--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph is most likely of portion of shoreline at Kelley's Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus Limestone. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_013_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Erie, Geology--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph is most likely of portion of shoreline at Kelley's Island. Kelleys Island is in fact a mass of solid limestone rock, lifted about twelve feet out of the Lake Erie, and rising in some points to an elevation of 40 or 50 feet above the level of the lake. Geologically, the island consists of successive strata of Columbus limestone with as many as 60 layers which vary in thickness from 2 to 8 inches and full of marine fossils. The eastern shores of the island have mostly been worn smooth from a westbound glacier, producing gentle shores full of rocky beaches. Western facing shores are more sharp and jagged, with erosion caused from the waves of lake. Columbus limestone can be found in a north-south line from Kelleys Island in Lake Erie to south of Columbus and many quarries are, or have been, actively removing this high-calcium limestone for use in production of cement, rip-rap, driveway gravel and road base, agricultural lime, and other uses. The unit was formed in a clear, shallow, tropical sea that covered the state. Fossils of marine animals are abundant in the Columbus Limestone. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_015_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Erie, Geology--Ohio; Erie, Lake, Coast (Ohio); Lake Erie Islands (Ohio); National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the West Side Dock on Kelley’s Island. The West Dock was built in 1906 by the Kelleys Island Lime & Transport company and was located roughly in the middle of the west shore of the island. Sometimes called the Stone Dock, it is elevated pier made of steel and wooden trestles, with railway tracks running along the top, and designed to load crushed limestone into barges from either side. Within six years of being built, more than 500,000 tons were being shipped each year with as many as 8 steam locomotives needed to pull up to 150 full train cars. The company's island quarrying operation comprised more than 1,000 acres; especially impressive considering the whole island is only 2,888 acres. The lakeside ore dock was modified to a "pocket" structure in 1910. This greatly improved efficiency, as it allowed limestone to be stored in large bins until it could be loaded onto ships. While quarrying continues to be a major industry on the island, The Kelley Island Lime & Transport Company, founded in 1896, and which was once the largest producer of limestone and lime products in the world, closed the early 1960s. Numerous ruins of these operations and quarries now dot the island. The East Quarry closed in 1940 and is now a state park. The whole of Kelley’s Island was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F08_004_001
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Quarries and quarrying--Ohio; Historic sites--Ohio--Kelleys Island--Pictorial works; National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the West Side Dock on Kelley’s Island. The West Dock was built in 1906 by the Kelleys Island Lime & Transport company and was located roughly in the middle of the west shore of the island. Sometimes called the Stone Dock, it is elevated pier made of steel and wooden trestles, with railway tracks running along the top, and designed to load crushed limestone into barges from either side. Within six years of being built, more than 500,000 tons were being shipped each year with as many as 8 steam locomotives needed to pull up to 150 full train cars. The company's island quarrying operation comprised more than 1,000 acres; especially impressive considering the whole island is only 2,888 acres. The lakeside ore dock was modified to a "pocket" structure in 1910. This greatly improved efficiency, as it allowed limestone to be stored in large bins until it could be loaded onto ships. While quarrying continues to be a major industry on the island, The Kelley Island Lime & Transport Company, founded in 1896, and which was once the largest producer of limestone and lime products in the world, closed the early 1960s. Numerous ruins of these operations and quarries now dot the island. The East Quarry closed in 1940 and is now a state park. The whole of Kelley’s Island was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F09_012_1
Subjects: Limestone--Ohio; Quarries and quarrying--Ohio; Historic sites--Ohio--Kelleys Island--Pictorial works; National Register of Historic Places
Places: Kelleys Island (Ohio); Erie County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph, taken at Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Indiana Harbor works coke plant, depicts crushed limestone in the foreground and cranes in the background. Coke plants produce coke from coal so that it can be used as a fuel in a blast furnace. Blast furnaces are used to smelt iron ore with coke to produce pig iron. This is the first step of steel production that occurs at mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0140_B02F25_002
Subjects: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company. Indiana Harbor works; Steel industry; Blast furnaces; Limestone
Places: East Chicago (Indiana)