Description: This image shows the dome of the Mississippi State Capitol in the distance. This is the third capitol building in Mississippi and was built on the site of the old state penitentiary. The $1,093,641 construction cost was paid by the Illinois Central Railroad's back taxes. As of 2009, it held the executive and legislative branches of the state government. In 1979, a 4-year, $19-million restoration began. It is in the Beaux-Arts style. The Art Deco building on the right is the Mississippi War Memorial Building, which was built in 1939 as a Works Progress Administration project. This is next to Mississippi's old capitol building. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV101_B01F07_531
Subjects: Capitols--Mississippi; War memorials--Mississippi; National Register of Historic Places
Places: Jackson (Mississippi); 501 N. West St.
 

Description: Map of the siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi by the U.S. forces under the command of Major General Ulysses S. Grant. Surveyed and constructed under direction of Captain C. B. Comstock, U.S. Engineers. Drawn by Charles Spangenberg, Assistant Engineer, Head Quarters of the Department of the Tennessee. Note: Relief shown by hachures. Union and Confederate entrenchments are handcolored blue and red respectively. Detailed map showing roads, streets, railroads, hachures, vegetation, houses, and drainage. Contains five topographic profiles, six cross sections of artillery batteries, and one cross section of a "rebel rifle pit." Scale [ca. 16,800]. (not "four inches to one mile"). The Siege of Vicksburg (May 18 – July 4, 1863) was the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. In a series of maneuvers, Union Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and drove the Confederate army of Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton into the defensive lines surrounding the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi. When two major assaults (May 19 and May 22, 1863) against the Confederate fortifications were repulsed with heavy casualties, Grant decided to besiege the city beginning on May 25. With no reinforcement, supplies nearly gone, and after holding out for more than forty days, the garrison finally surrendered on July 4. This action (combined with the capitulation of Port Hudson on July 9) yielded command of the Mississippi River to the Union forces, who would hold it for the rest of the conflict. The Confederate surrender following the siege at Vicksburg is sometimes considered, when combined with Gen. Robert E. Lee's defeat at Gettysburg the previous day, the turning point of the war. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Map_Siege_Vicksburg_Miss
Subjects: Vicksburg (Miss.)--History--Siege, 1863--Maps. United States--Mississippi--Vicksburg; Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson), 1822-1885--Military leadership
Places: Vicksburg (Mississippi); Warren County (Mississippi)
 

Description: This image shows the rear facade of the Old Mississippi State Capitol. This is an example of Greek Revival architecture. The building served as the capitol building from 1839 to 1903 and was restored in 1959-1960. It is a national historical landmark, currently housing the Mississippi State Historical Museum, and is also known as the Old Capitol Museum or the Old State Capitol. In 1890, this was the site of the enactment of a system of disenfranchisement of blacks by the State Constitution, after which other southern states modeled their own systems. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV101_B01F07_532
Subjects: Capitols--Mississippi; National Register of Historic Places; columns (architectural elements); arches; Greek Revival
Places: Jackson (Mississippi); 100 N. State St.
 

Description: This image shows the side and front facades of the Old Mississippi State Capitol. This is an example of Greek Revival architecture. The building served as the capitol building from 1839 to 1903 and was restored in 1959-1960. It is a national historical landmark, currently housing the Mississippi State Historical Museum, and is also known as the Old Capitol Museum or the Old State Capitol. In 1890, this was the site of the enactment of a system of disenfranchisement of blacks by the State Constitution, after which other southern states modeled their own systems. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV101_B01F07_534
Subjects: Capitols--Mississippi; National Register of Historic Places; columns (architectural elements); arches; Greek Revival
Places: Jackson (Mississippi); 100 N. State St.
 

Description: This image shows the front facade of the Old Mississippi State Capitol. This is an example of Greek Revival architecture. The building served as the capitol building from 1839 to 1903 and was restored in 1959-1960. It is a national historical landmark, currently housing the Mississippi State Historical Museum, and is also known as the Old Capitol Museum or the Old State Capitol. In 1890, this was the site of the enactment of a system of disenfranchisement of blacks by the State Constitution, after which other southern states modeled their own systems. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV101_B01F07_533
Subjects: Capitols--Mississippi; National Register of Historic Places; columns (architectural elements); arches; Greek Revival
Places: Jackson (Mississippi); 100 N. State St.
 

Description: This image shows the cornerstone of the Old Mississippi State Capitol. This is an example of Greek Revival architecture. The building served as the capitol building from 1839 to 1903 and was restored in 1959-1960. It is a national historical landmark, currently housing the Mississippi State Historical Museum, and is also known as the Old Capitol Museum or the Old State Capitol. In 1890, this was the site of the enactment of a system of disenfranchisement of blacks by the State Constitution, after which other southern states modeled their own systems. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV101_B01F07_535
Subjects: Capitols--Mississippi; National Register of Historic Places; columns (architectural elements); arches; Greek Revival
Places: Jackson (Mississippi); 100 N. State St.
 

Description: Illustration of the trenches at Vicksburg, Mississippi published in "The American Soldier in the Civil War" by Frank Leslie. The victory at the siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi, which lasted from May 22, 1863 to July 4, 1863, gave the Union control of the Mississippi River in the American Civil War after Confederate General John C. Pemberton surrendered his army to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. Ulysses S. Grant was born Hiram Ulysses Grant in Point Pleasant, Ohio. During the U. S. Civil War, Grant was promoted to the rank of General and granted command of the Union army by President Abraham Lincoln. After the victory of the Union over the Confederacy, Grant's popularity led to his election as the 18th President of the United States in 1868. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04617
Subjects: Grant, Ulysses S., 1822-1885; Ohio--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Ohio--History, Military; Presidents--United States; Generals--United States; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Ohio History--Military Ohio
Places: Vicksburg (Mississippi)
 

Description: Illustration of the siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi, June 27, 1863, published in "The American Soldier in the Civil War" by Frank Leslie. The victory at the siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi, which lasted from May 22, 1863 to July 4, 1863, gave the Union control of the Mississippi River in the American Civil War after Confederate General John C. Pemberton surrendered his army to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. Ulysses S. Grant was born Hiram Ulysses Grant in Point Pleasant, Ohio. During the U. S. Civil War, Grant was promoted to the rank of General and granted command of the Union army by President Abraham Lincoln. After the victory of the Union over the Confederacy, Grant's popularity led to his election as the 18th President of the United States in 1868. Caption reads: "Siege of Vicksburg. - The Fight in the Crater of Fort Hill, After the Explosion, June 27, 1863. - From a Sketch by F. B. Schell." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04618
Subjects: Grant, Ulysses S., 1822-1885; Ohio--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Ohio--History, Military; Presidents--United States; Generals--United States; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Ohio History--Military Ohio
Places: Vicksburg (Mississippi)
 

Description: This engraving is captioned "The Mississippi Raft," and shows a type of watercraft often used to transport goods and people on rivers and other waterways during the early 19th century in the United States. In the era before railroads and automobiles, rivers, lakes, and canals were important transportation routes in the United States. They were easier and more economical to travel than were the roads of the time. Prior to the invention of steamboats, waterways were navigated in boats powered by sail, human muscle, or the current. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SC181_02
Subjects: Boats and boating; Transportation; Mississippi River;
Places: Mississippi River;
 

Description: View of the Ohio River and the City of Cincinnati, facing southeast. The plain two story brick building on the left is Sattler's Groceries and Meats. Near the center of the photograph, a water tower with the word "Seeds" can be seen, underneath which is a sign reads "The J. Chas. McCullough Seed Co.. Only Retail Space. [?]30 East 4th. [?]erald Lawn." The J. Chas. McCullough Seed Company was founded in 1838, and originally gathered from the families' 48 acre farm. The company expanded many times, with offices and warehouses located all along Walnut Street, just below Fourth Street. The Ohio River is the largest tributary of the Mississippi River and is about 981 miles long. It begins at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers in Point State Park in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It forms the border between Ohio and West Virginia, as well as Ohio and Kentucky, Indiana and Kentucky and Illinois and Kentucky. It joins the Mississippi near Cairo, Illinois. The first bridge, from left to right, is the L&N Bridge or Louisville & Nashville RR Bridge, opened in 1872 as the Newport & Cincinnati Bridge and was the first railroad bridge to cross the Ohio River in Cincinnati. The bridge was modified in 1897 to include street car and horse and cart traffic. In 1904, the cart path was paved for automobiles and the bridge renamed as the L&N Bridge after its new owners. By the late 1940's street car service was removed and in 1987 railroad traffic ceased. By the 1990's the bridge was lightly used by automobile traffic, and was officially renamed the CSX Bridge after new owners. On April 17, 2001 it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places, closed to automobiles in 2002, and reopened in 2003 after a $4 million renovation as a pedestrian only bridge. The center bridge, called the Central Bridge or Cincinnati & Newport Bridge, was finished in 1890 and was the first "standard" cantilever truss bridge to be built. Located next to the L&N Bridge seen in the background, the Central Bridge had a similar type and length of approach spans to that of the L&N bridge, with the piers built from identical stone. Demolished in 1992, the bridge was replaced by the Taylor-Southgate Bridge in 1995. The last bridge, locally known as "The Suspension Bridge", was designed by engineer John A. Roebling, the Covington and Cincinnati Bridge was completed in December of 1866, following a decade of construction which was delayed by the Civil War and financial constraints. At the time it was built, the bridge had the longest main span in the world and was also the first bridge to use both vertical suspenders and diagonal stays branching out from the towers. The bridge was remodeled in 1894 to widen the deck and to accommodate more weight. The bridge was named the John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge in 1984. The Ohio River is the largest tributary of the Mississippi River and is about 981 miles long. It begins at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers in Point State Park in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It forms the border between Ohio and West Virginia, as well as Ohio and Kentucky, Indiana and Kentucky and Illinois and Kentucky. It joins the Mississippi near Cairo, Illinois. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F08_029
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Bridges--Ohio River; Ohio River; National Register of Historic Places;
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: This drawing by Lt. Henry O. Dwight depicts the confrontation between his unit, the 20th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and the veteran 7th Texas Infantry Regiment on May 12, 1863, during the Battle of Raymond (Mississippi). Dwight, an amateur artist, titled his drawing "A Question of Right of Way - 20th Ohio VS. 7th Texas." In the foreground, Ohio soldiers lie on the ground in a row, firing at the Texans, who are barely visible behind a curtain of smoke, trees, and brush. The body of one casualty from the Ohio unit lays face down (lower right foreground). Two men from the 20th each have taken cover behind a tree. The figure that commands the viewer's attention, however, is that of the Ohio officer who calmly refills his meerschaum pipe while standing in clear view of the enemy. Dwight later wrote a compelling account of the battle that was published in the "New York Semi-Weekly Tribune" on November 19, 1886. In this article he recalls the episode of the pipe-smoking officer: "All this time we were hanging on to the bank of the brook with those fellows pouring gun smoke in our faces and we answering back so fast that the worst game of football is nothing to the fatigue of it. As for the noise of that discussion between the 20th Ohio and the 7th Texas, a clap of thunder is nowhere. It was more like a sheet of thunder, a wicked roar with no separation between the bolts, and all the time the Johnnies made it hot for us in flank and rear as well as in front. "The Johnnies seemed rather to like it. We could see them tumble over pretty often, but those who were left didn't mid it. One officer, not more than thirty feet from where I stood quietly loaded up an old meerschaum [pipe] and lit a match. His pistol was hanging from his wrist. When he got his pipe agoing, he got hold of his pistol and went on popping away at us as leisurely as if he had been shooting rats." The Battle of Raymond was one episode in the Vicksburg Campaign, whose success was a major victory for the Army of the Tennessee, commanded by Maj. General Ulysses S. Grant. The Union Army thus gained control of the Mississippi River, and the Confederacy was split in two. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06950
Subjects: Drawings (visual works); Civil War 1861-1865; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Pictorial works; Dwight, Henry Otis, 1843-1917; United States. Army. Ohio Infantry Regiment, 20th (1861-1865); Battlefields
Places: Raymond (Mississippi)
 

Description: Illustration of the headquarters of the Union army outside of Vicksburg, Mississippi, published in "Civil War in Pictures" by Fletcher Pratt. Caption reads: "Headquarters of the Union Army commanded by General Grant, on the banks of the Mississippi near Vicksburg." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04602
Subjects: United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865; Ohio History--Military Ohio
Places: Vicksburg (Mississippi)