Description: Reverse reads: "Ident - 88 - State Picture Book. Page 62-63 Double page spread; Location - Cleveland; Caption - Panorama of Cleveland." This photograph shows a portion of downtown Cleveland, Ohio centered on the Terminal Tower building and the rail station. Also visible is Cleveland Municipal Stadium, Cuyahoga County Courthouse, Cleveland City Hall and The Mall The Terminal Tower building, is located on Public Square in Cleveland, Ohio. Formly known as Cleveland Union Terminal, and designed by the firm of Graham, Anderson, Probst & White, the tower was modeled after the Beaux-Arts New York Municipal Building by McKim, Mead, and White. Built mainly of limestone, the tower itself seems extremely ornate compared with the simplicity of the lower portion of the building. Built by the Van Sweringen brothers it is 98 feet square to the 37th floor, where it assumes a polygonal form with buttresses as far as the 39th floor; there, with a series of encircling turrets, it becomes cylindrical before culminating in a cone surmounted with a flagpole. At night, floodlights illuminate the tower above the 34th floor. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. The tower is one of a number of interconnected buildings that make up the Tower City Center. The Cuyahoga County Courthouse, located at 1 Lakeside Avenue, is a four-story pink granite structure, completed in 1912 by designed by architects Lehman and Schmidt in the French Classical Revival (Beaux-Arts) style. The Lakeside Avenue facade is decorated with figures in white Tennessee marble of men important in the development of English law; before the north entrance are bronze statues of John Marshall and Rufus Ray, and before the south of Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. Sculptors were Herbert Adams, Karl Bitter, and Daniel Chester French. Notable among the works of art in the building is a mural decoration, 'The Trial of Captain John Smith', by Charles Yardley Turner, which portrays a scene at Smith's trial for treason and mutiny in 1607. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. It now houses the Cleveland Law Library Association. Cleveland City Hall, located at Lakeside Avenue and East 6th (Sixth) Street is a five-story steel-frame and concrete structure with Vermont granite exterior was designed by J. Milton Dyer in the Renaissance style in 1916 at a cost of $3 million dollars. It has arcaded ground story, a 2-story Tuscan colonnade, and a central entrance bay characteristic of the Beaux-Arts style and was the first such structure built for and owned by the city. The Council Chambers underwent major restorations in 1951 and 1977. In 1994, a major exterior renovation costing $2.9 million took place for the first time in the building's history. Cleveland Stadium, located at the foot of West 3rd (Third) Street, is built of gray-white brick and cost $3 million dollars to build. It opened July 3, 1931, for the heavyweight championship fight between Max Schmeling and Young Stribling. Designed by Walker and Weeks, the two-deck stadium had a seating capacity of 78, 189, which could be augmented by temporary seats to total 100, 000. Batteries of floodlights make night events possible. Sometimes called Cleveland Municipal Stadium and/or Lakefront Stadium, this multipurpose building was the home for first the Cleveland Rams, then Cleveland Browns (football) and the Cleveland Indians (baseball). It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987 and demolished to make way for new modern facilities in 1996 (Cleveland Browns Stadium). The 1903 Group Plan by Daniel Burnham, John Carrère, and Arnold W. Brunner as a vast public room flanked by the city's major civic and governmental buildings, all built in the neoclassical style. Many of those buildings along this long public park were built over the following three decades, including the Metzenbaum Courthouse (1910), Cuyahoga County Courthouse (1912), Cleveland City Hall (1916), Public Auditorium (1922), the Cleveland Public Library main building (1925), and the Cleveland Public Schools Board of Education building (1931). Other buildings include Key Tower, the Cuyahoga County Administration Building, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. The Mall was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F11_48_01
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Terminal Tower Complex (Cleveland, Ohio)--History; Historic buildings--Ohio--Cleveland; Public Square (Cleveland, Ohio); Cleveland Municipal Stadium (Cleveland, Ohio); Municipal Stadium (Cleveland, Ohio); County courts--Ohio; City halls--United States;
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: This color image shows the Rockefeller Building, Cleveland, Ohio, ca. 1960-1969. John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) erected the seventeen-story structure by between 1903 and 1905. The historic Weddell House Hotel, built in 1847, formerly stood on this site. Located on the corner of Superior and West 6th Street, the Rockefeller Building contained offices for iron, coal, and lake-shipping industries. Josiah Kirby bought the building in 1920 and changed its named to the Kirby Building. Angered by the change, Rockefeller bought the building back, restoring the name in 1923. John D. Rockefeller moved to the Cleveland area with his family at age 14. He ventured into the oil business in 1863. During the 1870s and 1880s, Rockefeller sought to expand Standard Oil's influence. The company began to purchase or drive out of business oil refiners across the United States. By 1878, Standard Oil purportedly controlled ninety percent of the oil refineries in the United States. In 1881 the Standard Oil Company became known as the Standard Oil Trust. In essence, the Standard Oil Company created various companies across the United States that were purportedly their own entities. In reality, Rockefeller directed all of these businesses. Rockefeller was alive during the government's attack on Standard Oil, but he had retired from the company in 1895, well before the dispute ended. In 1901, his wealth was estimated at 900 million dollars, making him the wealthiest man in the world. He dedicated the remainder of his life to philanthropic efforts. He used his wealth to establish the University of Chicago in 1892 and the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in 1901. Rockefeller also was a driving force behind the preservation of Williamsburg, Virginia, as an historic landmark. He donated funds to innumerable other charities through the Rockefeller Foundation. John Rockefeller died in 1937 at Ormond Beach, Florida. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06620
Subjects: Rockefeller, John D. (John Davison), 1839-1937; Buildings; Cities and towns--Ohio.; Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "Huron and Euclid. Huron Road near Euclid Avenue - street scene. District #4, Cleveland. John Steinke, 1940." This photograph shows a section of Euclid Avenue, facing East towards the intersection of East Fourteenth (14th) Street and Playhouse Square. Signs and buildings visible in the photograph include: RKO Vaudville (atop Playhouse Square - taken down in 1945) , Chandler Rudd, Rice Business Furniture, Engel & Fetzer, Nanking, Hotel Morrison. The Palace Theatre opened November 1922 in the Keith Building, which at the time was the tallest in Cleveland. Designed by the Chicago architectural firm of Rapp and Rapp, the Palace was a regional flagship of the Keith-Albee chain of vaudeville theaters. The Keith Building has been on the National Register of Historic Places since 1978. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F10_06_01
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cleveland Palace Theatre (Cleveland, Ohio); Rapp & Rapp; National Register of Historic Places
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph of Cleveland's U.S. Marine Hospital, located on Lakeside Avenue, from the collection of Louis Baus. The Marine Hospital was a government-owned institution for seamen which opened in 1852. Baus, a native of Cleveland, Ohio, was born in 1875. He began his career as a professional photographer doing studio work before becoming a staff photographer for the Cleveland Advocate in 1911. Baus worked for the paper, which was later purchased by the Cleveland Plain Dealer, for thirty-eight years until his death in 1949. He was also an avid collector of historic photographs. The Louis Baus Collection consists of over one thousand photographs mounted in eleven albums, showing historic Cleveland, the village of Zoar and Ohio covered bridges and mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: P223_B03_A08_823
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Hospitals--Ohio; Medicine--History; Military Ohio;
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph (ca. 1935-1943) shows an aerial view, presumably taken from the Terminal Tower, looking northeast down Superior Avenue in Cleveland, Ohio, with Lake Erie in the distance. Visible are the Cleveland Public Library (square building, bottom left corner), Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland (two buildings farther along on corner of Superior and E 6th) View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F08_14_01
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cleveland (Ohio). Cleveland Public Library; Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Original description reads: "Cleveland's Newer Buildings. Prospect Avenue near Superior, N.W, Cleveland. Terminal Tower group buildings. Building near center with row of flag poles is Higbee Department Store from the rear; buildings to the right is the Midland building and Medical Arts building." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F10_26_01
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Streets--Ohio--Cleveland
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Terminal Tower, Cleveland." The Terminal Tower building, is located on Public Square in Cleveland, Ohio. Designed by the firm of Graham, Anderson, Probst & White, the tower was modeled after the Beaux-Arts New York Municipal Building by McKim, Mead, and White. Built mainly of limestone, the tower itself seems extremely ornate compared with the simplicity of the lower portion of the building. It is 98 feet square to the 37th floor, where it assumes a polygonal form with buttresses as far as the 39th floor; there, with a series of encircling turrets, it becomes cylindrical before culminating in a cone surmounted with a flagpole. At night, floodlights illuminate the tower above the 34th floor. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F08_03_01
Subjects: Terminal Tower Complex (Cleveland, Ohio)--History; Historic buildings--Ohio--Cleveland; Public Square (Cleveland, Ohio); Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "Moreland Court Apartment Bldg. Photograph Taken 3/4/37. Cleveland, Ohio." Moreland Courts is located at 13415 Shaker Boulevard in Cleveland, Ohio. It was conceived in 1922 Alfred W. Harris, and finished by Philip L. Small and the Van Sweringen brothers. The building is designed using five different English architectural styles; Late Gothic, Tudor, Elizabethan, Jacobean and Georgian, and has been on the National Register of Historic Places since 1983. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F08_06_01
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Historic buildings--Ohio--Cleveland; Apartments--United States; National Register of Historic Places
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: A caption on the back of the photograph reads, "Rockefeller Homestead, East 40th & Euclid Ave. Cleveland, Oh." The Rockefeller Homestead was the name of the mansion built on John D. Rockefeller's Forest Hill Estate. The Forest Hill Estate was located in East Cleveland, near Cleveland Heights, and was built near the end of the 1800s. The house in this photograph is most likely not part of the Forest Hill Estate, but of Millionaire's Row built along Euclid Ave. It is possible that this house was owned by the Rockefeller family, or another wealthy Cleveland Industrialist. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B01F11_032_001
Subjects: Rockefeller, John D., 1906-1978; Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.--Pictorial works.
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "Dead End in Cleveland. The River front along the Cuyahoga River. (This is a detail enlarged form a more general view.) District #4, Cleveland, Ohio. Project Photographer: Frank Jaffa, 1940. File Negative #133." Cuyahoga River and buildings along the river are pictured. Main Ave. Bridge is pictured in the background. The Main Ave. (Harold H. Burton Memorial) Bridge, in its current state, opened October 6, 1939. The 6 lane bridge is Ohio's longest elevated structure at 8,000ft. Earlier bridges of varying sophistication have connected the East and West shores of the Cuyahoga River in this location since the mid-1800s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F11_08_01
Subjects: Cuyahoga River (Ohio); Bridges--Cuyahoga River (Ohio); Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "Exclusive Home Furnishings. In front of the Sterling and Welch Store on Euclid near 12 street. District #4, Cleveland. File Negative #20. Project Photographer: Frank Jaffa, October 1940." A secondary caption reads: "Ident. - 61 - State Picture Book Page 45 - lower. Cleveland, Ohio. Ohio Writers' Project. Euclid Avenue at East 12th Street)." The marquee for the Hotel Statler is visible down the street, which reads: "The Cuban Terrace, Opens October 7th" and below, a second marquee reads: "Gable - Tracy - Colbert - Lamarr in Boom Town." Sterling & Welch began in 1845 when Thos. S. and Wm. Beckwith opened a dry goods store on Superior St. In 1857 the store replaced its dry goods line with floor coverings and curtains. Both Frederick A. Sterling and Geo. P. Welch joined the company in its early years and by 1889 they had control of the partnership which was incorporated in 1902 as the Sterling & Welch Co. In 1909 the firm moved from its location on lower Euclid Avenue to 1215-1225 Euclid Ave., where it built one of the largest and finest home furnishing stores in the area. In 1927 Sterling & Welch began the tradition of installing the nation's largest indoor Christmas tree in its atrium. The store closed in 1968 and the building has been demolished. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F10_08_01
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Department stores Ohio Cleveland History; Home furnishings industry and trade; Demolished buildings
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "The Street of Long Term Payment Jewelry Stores. Prospect Avenue west of 9 street, Cleveland. District #4, Cleveland. File Negative #53. Project Photographer: Frank Jaffa, 1940." This is a view of Prospect Avenue, facing west, near the intersection of East 6th Street. The sidewalk is bustling with shoppers in this busy area. In the foreground is a jewelry store with a sign in the window which reads: "Diamonds - Watch - Jewelry Slashed 1/2 or more during our Great Removal Sale!" Just past shop can be seen the awning over the entrance to the Colonial Marketplace Arcade, and next to that, the Colonial Hotel which was located at 527 Prospect Avenue (now the Residence Inn Marriott Downtown Cleveland). View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F10_09_01
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Hotels--Ohio--Cleveland
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)