Description: Reproduction of a photograph depicting the Rainbow Bend on the Maumee River in northwestern Ohio, ca. 1890-1899. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL02682
Subjects: Maumee River (Ind. and Ohio); Ohio History--Natural and Native Ohio
Places: Northwestern Ohio
 

Description: Students who were members of the first class in agriculture at Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio, ca. 1908. In 1871, Henry Solomon Lehr established Ohio Northern University in Ada as the Northwestern Ohio Normal School. Originally, the school was to just train teachers, but it soon began offering other majors designed to meet the needs of its students. To reflect this expanded curriculum, the school was renamed the Ohio Normal University in 1885. From its beginnings, the institution was coeducational. In 1903, Ohio Normal University became Ohio Northern University. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL01109
Subjects: Agricultural education; Cultural Ohio--Education; Ohio Northern University
Places: Ada (Ohio); Hardin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This calumet, or ceremonial pipe, seen here in two views, was used at the signing of the Treaty of Greenville in 1795. Possibly crafted by a member of one of the tribes who were signatories on the treaty, it is made of red catlinite with inlaid metal designs and a carved wooden stem, and was one of several pipes smoked by participants over the course of solemnizing the treaty negotiations. General Anthony Wayne defeated the American Indian confederacy led by Blue Jacket at the Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 20, 1794. Abandoned by the British at Fort Miami, the American Indians agreed to a peace settlement. A year later, representatives from twelve tribes met at Greenville, in present-day Darke County, to negotiate with Wayne. Among the leaders were Little Turtle of the Miami, Tarhe of the Wyandot, and Blue Jacket and Black Hoof of the Shawnee. The treaty confined the American Indians to northwestern Ohio. Despite Wayne's hope that the treaty would hold "as long as the woods grow and waters run" American Indians were removed to the West by the mid-19th century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: H39471_1
Subjects: American Indian history and society; Wayne, Anthony, 1745 - 1796; American Indian tribal leaders; Treaty of Greenville; Ohio History--Settlement and Early Statehood;
Places: Greenville (Ohio); Darke County (Ohio);
 

Description: This image shows John Johnston's estate in Piqua, Ohio. John Johnston (also spelled Johnson) was an Indian Agent in Ohio in the early years of the new state. He was born in 1775 in Ireland. While he was a young child, his family moved to Pennsylvania. Johnston participated in Anthony Wayne's assault on American Indians living in the Northwest Territory during the early 1790s. President James Madison selected Johnston as the Indian Agent overseeing the native reservations in northwestern Ohio. He served in this position for more than thirty years until the 1840s. His office was located in Piqua. Johnston played an important political and social role in Ohio as well. He was a strong advocate of the Whig Party. He helped found Kenyon College and also served on the board of trustees of Miami University. Johnston also published one of the earliest histories of the American Indians that once called Ohio home. He died in 1861 in Washington, DC. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06522
Subjects: American Indian history and society; Land settlement--Ohio; American Indian agents
Places: Piqua (Ohio); Miami County (Ohio)
 

Description: Seven photographs document events of the Treaty Camporee held in Greenville, Ohio in June 1947. Boy Scouts can be seen carrying supplies, pitching tents, reading the scouting manual and relaxing at camp sites. The photographs measure 8" by 10" (20.32 by 25.4 cm). In 1795, the Treaty of Greenville ended the Indian Wars in Ohio. General Anthony Wayne defeated the American Indian confederacy led by Blue Jacket at the Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 20, 1794. Abandoned by the British at Fort Miami, the American Indians agreed to a peace settlement. A year later, representatives from twelve tribes met at Greenville, in present-day Darke County, to negotiate with Wayne. Among the leaders were Little Turtle of the Miamis, Tarhe of the Wyandots, and Blue Jacket and Black Hoof of the Shawnees. The treaty confined the American Indians to northwestern Ohio. Despite Wayne's hope that the treaty would hold "as long as the woods grow and waters run," American Indians were removed to the West by the mid-nineteenth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3211_3831349_001
Subjects: American Indians in Ohio; Sports; Arts and Entertainment; Camping; Tents; Treaty of Greenville; Boys; Boy Scouts of America
Places: Greenville (Ohio); Darke County (Ohio)
 

Description: Morrison R. Waite (1816-1888) left his home state of Connecticut to practice law in northwestern Ohio. Waite ran twice unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate and spent one term in the state legislature. Waite later declined a seat on the Ohio Supreme Court. He served as Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, 1874-88. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03903
Subjects: Judges; Lawyers; Ohio History--State and Local Government--Law
Places: Toledo (Ohio); Lucas County (Ohio)
 

Description: Thirteen-year-old Mary Munson drew this map of Ohio around 1822. It shows Ohio counties as they appeared after the creation of Union County in 1820. Although the northwestern counties of Allen, Crawford, Hancock, Hardin, Henry, Marion, Mercer, Paulding, Putnam, Sandusky, Seneca, Van Wert, Williams, and Wood were also created in 1820, they are not depicted on the map. The land in northwestern Ohio was acquired through the Treaty of Maumee Rapids, which was signed on September 29, 1817, and ratified by the United States Senate on January 4, 1819. Munson refers to the treaty in her notation "Count[r]y recently purchased of the Wyandott and other Tribes of Indians." The map measures 13" x 12.25" (33 x 30 cm). View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om2895_1980862_001
Subjects: Ohio Government; American Indians in Ohio; Geography and Natural Resources; Maps; Counties; Treaties
Places: Ohio
 

Description: View of a reconstructed blockhouse and a portion of the stockade on the site of Fort Meigs, Perrysburg, Ohio. The stockade was reconstructed in 1965 and rebuilt again in 2002. The original fort was constructed by William Henry Harrison during the War of 1812 to protect northwestern Ohio from attack by the British. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL01013
Subjects: Wood County (Ohio); Other--Ohio Historical Society
Places: Perrysburg (Ohio)
 

Description: Three photographs document events at the 1947 Treaty Camporee held in Greenville, Ohio. The first photograph was taken at the Altar of Peace, a monument built to commemorate the signing of the Treaty of Greenville in 1795. The second shows men reviewing the Treaty Camporee Pageant program. The reverse identifies various attendees as; standing, left to right: unidentified, John O. Marsh, Edwin C. Zepp, Fred D. Coppock, unidentified; seated, left to right: Mayor William Reed, Guy D. Hawley, Dr. F. C. Barr and E. L. Kohnle. The photographs measure 8" by 10" (20.32 by 25.4 cm). In 1795, the Treaty of Greenville ended the Indian Wars in Ohio. General Anthony Wayne defeated the American Indian confederacy led by Blue Jacket at the Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 20, 1794. Abandoned by the British at Fort Miami, the American Indians agreed to a peace settlement. A year later, representatives from twelve tribes met at Greenville, in present-day Darke County, to negotiate with Wayne. Among the leaders were Little Turtle of the Miamis, Tarhe of the Wyandots, and Blue Jacket and Black Hoof of the Shawnees. The treaty confined the American Indians to northwestern Ohio. Despite Wayne's hope that the treaty would hold "as long as the woods grow and waters run," American Indians were removed to the West by the mid-nineteenth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3212_3831979_001
Subjects: Military Ohio; American Indians in Ohio; Sports; Arts and Entertainment; Treaty of Greenville; Celebrations; Anniversaries
Places: Greenville (Ohio); Darke County (Ohio)
 

Description: Three photographs depict part of the commemoration in honor of the 150th anniversary of the Treaty of Greenville in August 1945. The first photograph shows the commemoration headquarters, housed in a 100-year-old cabin that was reconstructed in the Greenville town square. Several Ohio Archaeological and Historical Society (now the Ohio Historical Society) board members can be seen in front of the cabin, from left to right: Harlow Lindley, secretary; A. C. Johnson, president; and Henry C. Shetrone, director. The Treaty of Greenville was displayed in the cabin August 1-3. Two soldiers can be seen guarding the treaty in the second image. Other events included a parade, an appreciation dinner for Howard Chandler Christy and the unveiling of the his painting "The Signing of the Treaty of Greene Ville." These photographs measure 5" by 7" (12.7 by 17.8 cm). The Treaty of Greenville is part of the collections of the National Archives. This event was the first time the document had been removed from the archives of the United States. The treaty bears not only the signatures and seals of General Wayne and the Indian chiefs but also includes the ratification of the United States Senate signed by President George Washington. Mrs. Elizabeth E. Hammer was the official custodian of the document. She accompanied the treaty on its journey from Washington D.C. to the headquarters of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society in Columbus, then to the office of Governor Frank J. Lausche, and then to the Sesquicentennial Celebration at Greenville. In 1795, the Treaty of Greenville ended the Indian Wars in Ohio. The American Indian confederacy led by Blue Jacket was defeated by General Anthony Wayne at the Battle of Fallen Timbers on August 20, 1794. Abandoned by the British at Fort Miami, the American Indians agreed to a peace settlement. A year later, representatives from twelve tribes met at Greenville, in present-day Darke County, to negotiate with Wayne. Among the leaders were Little Turtle of the Miamis, Tarhe of the Wyandots, and Blue Jacket and Black Hoof of the Shawnees. The treaty confined the American Indians to northwestern Ohio. Despite Wayne's hope that the treaty would hold "as long as the woods grow and waters run," American Indians were removed to the West by the mid-nineteenth century. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3213_3832005_001
Subjects: Military Ohio; American Indians in Ohio; Ohio Government; Arts and Entertainment; Treaty of Greenville; Treaties; Celebrations; Soldiers; Guards; Anniversaries; Ohio Historical Society
Places: Greenville (Ohio); Darke County (Ohio)
 

Description: This image is a photograph of a drawing of Morrison R. Waite, 1890. The portrait depicts Waite (1816-1888) as a dignified older man wearing his jurist's robe. At the bottom of the portrait is a handwritten signature ("M.R. Waite") and near the subject's ringed left hand is the artist's signature ("Max Rosenthal, Phila [illegible] 90"). Waite to the left his home state of Connecticut to practice law in northwestern Ohio. He ran twice unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate and spent one term in the state legislature. Waite later declined a seat on the Ohio Supreme Court. In 1871, U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant selected Waite to help settle claims with Great Britain that arose from the American Civil War. Waite's legal skills helped the United States obtain almost $16 million from Great Britain for that nation's support of the Confederacy during the Civil War. Upon returning to the United States, Waite participated in the Ohio Constitutional Convention of 1873 and was selected to be the convention's president. While serving at the Constitutional Convention, Waite received word that President Grant had nominated him to be Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Waite served as chief justice for the next fifteen years. Max Rosenthal (1833-1918) was a painter, lithographer, etcher, and draftsman born in Russian Poland, He emigrated to the U.S. in 1849. He is one of four Rosenthal brothers who founded a lithographic printing company in Philadelphia. Max was the firm’s primary artist. He is believed to have illustrated some of the earliest books produced in the U.S. that used the chromolithograph process. During his career he produced hundreds of portraits of eminent Americans and Britons. His son, Albert Rosenthal, was also a noted artist. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05831
Subjects: Waite, Morrison R. (Morrison Remick), 1816-1888; Rosenthal, Max, 1833-1918; Portraits; Supreme Court justices; Ohio History--State and Local Government
 

Description: Engraved portrait of Colonel John Johnston (1775-1861), who helped negotiate the Treaty of Upper Sandusky in 1842 and was a strong advocate of the Whig party. President James Madison selected Johnston as the Indian Agent overseeing the native reservations in northwestern Ohio. Johnston helped found Kenyon College and also served on the board of trustees of Miami University, in addition to publishing one of the earliest histories of the Native Americans that once called Ohio home. The portrait is taken from "Howe's Historical Collections of Ohio" by Henry Howe, 1907. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03983
Subjects: Piqua (Ohio); Ohio History--Presidents and Politics; Wyandot Indians--History; Miami University; Kenyon College
Places: Piqua (Ohio); Miami County (Ohio)